Acute Diarrhea Patients among Children Under Five Hospitalized in a Tertiary Hospital in East Java, Indonesia

Adiba, Asmahan Farah; Soedarmo, Subijanto Marto; Sulistiawati, Sulistiawati; Athiyyah, Alpha Fardah

doi:10.20473/fmi.v58i1.31423

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The findings of this study were comparable to those of a study by Adiba et al (2022) at a tertiary hospital in Surabaya, which revealed that mild and moderate were the most prevalent degrees of dehydration. However, the most common method of rehydration used was intravenous rehydration.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Treatment of Acute Diarrhea in Children Aged 1–5 Years Provided by Doctors in Surabaya

Alpha Fardah Athiyyah,

Insyira Rayhana Irsan,

Nurmawati Fatimah

2023

FMI

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Highlights: 1. The focus of this study was on the treatment methods for acute diarrhea, which have not been extensively investigated in the region studied.2. This study can provide an overview of doctors' adherence to the available guidelines for the treatment of acute diarrhea in children aged 1–5 years in Surabaya, Indonesia. Abstract: Diarrhea is the second leading cause of death among children under five, following pneumonia. Insufficient knowledge of diarrhea and dehydration management may contribute to this high mortality rate. Implementing prompt and effective management and prevention strategies has the potential to decrease morbidity and mortality associated with diarrhea. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the treatment methods used by doctors for children aged 1–5 suffering from acute diarrhea in Surabaya, Indonesia. Data were collected from doctors in Surabaya using an online form containing case-based questions. Microsoft Excel for Mac version 16.17 (Microsoft Inc., Redmont, WA, USA) was used to process the binary data by calculating frequencies and percentages with a point estimate of 95% confidence interval (CI). A descriptive method was used in the data analysis, and the findings were presented in tables. From a total of 51 respondents who participated in this study, 18 (35.29%) only administered oral rehydration therapy. In addition, 49 respondents (96.08%) prescribed zinc supplementation for ten days, while 10 respondents (19.61%) opted for antibiotics. Interestingly, 49 respondents (96.08%) recommended both breast milk and food for the patients, and nearly all respondents provided guidance to the mother or caregiver of the patient. The findings of this study suggested that the respondents primarily used rehydration therapy to treat children suffering from acute diarrhea with moderate dehydration. However, some respondents still relied on antibiotics despite the available recommendations to use oral rehydration therapy. Nearly all respondents agreed on zinc supplementation, breast milk and food provision, and advice for the mother or caregiver of the patient. While certain aspects of the disease management for diarrhea align with the recommended guidelines, there is room for improvement in promoting the exclusive use of oral rehydration therapy and reducing unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Treatment of Acute Diarrhea in Children Aged 1–5 Years Provided by Doctors in Surabaya

Alpha Fardah Athiyyah,

Insyira Rayhana Irsan,

Nurmawati Fatimah

2023

FMI

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“…1 Diarrhea is classified as osmotic (due to lactose intolerance and toxin), secretory (due to cholera infection, E.coli, Shigella species), or inflammatory (due to enterotoxin). 3 The most prevalent cause of pediatric diarrhea is rotavirus infection, particularly in children aged 3-24 months. Vomiting, fever, and diarrhea are all symptoms of rotavirus infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hyponatremia (41%), hypokalemia (38.6%), hypernatremia (11.4%), and hyperkalemia (9%) were the most prevalent electrolyte abnormalities. 3 A study in India by Takia et al showed the incidence of metabolic acidosis in acute diarrhea with severe dehydration was 13% of the total 929 cases. 8 While another study by Zain et al in 2020 in 280 cases, found the incidence of metabolic acidosis was 29.5% of the total cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 A study on the incidence of diarrhea in children under the age of five in Surabaya found that the majority of diarrhea cases (83.2%) occurred between the ages of 0 and 24 months. 3 Diarrhea in children can lead to complications such as hypovolemic shock, electrolyte disturbances and metabolic acidosis. These complications are the main cause of death in diarrhea cases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute diarrhoea with severe dehydration and complications in a 1-year-old child: a case report in a hospital with low resource setting

Putri,

Ongo,

Andriany

2023

Int J Res Med Sci

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Diarrhea remains a leading cause of child morbidity and mortality because can lead to complications such as hypovolemic shock, electrolyte disturbances and metabolic acidosis. In this case study, the author would like to demonstrate management of diarrhea in a hospital with limited resources. A 1-year-old boy presented with complaints of watery stools 6 times/day, vomiting 3 times/day and fever. Child appeared weak, refused to drink, experience rapid and heavy breathing, and a loss of consciousness. Physical examination revealed heart rate about 156 per min, peripheral pulse was not palpable, respiratory rate 44 per min, oxygen saturation 98% and temperature about 36.7°C. When crying, the face appeared haggard, the eyes sunken, and there were no tears, reduced bowel noise, longer skin turgor and the capillary refill time increases. Laboratory findings showed leucocytosis (23,600/µl), hyponatremia (127 mmol/l) and hypokalemia (2.66 mmol/l). He was treated with resuscitation fluid administration, Ringer lactate 20 cc/kg BW in 20 min continue with 30 ml/kg BW in 30 min and 70 ml/kg BW 2 hrs 30 min later. The patient was then administered with D5% 500 cc±28 cc sodium bicarbonate, 27 cc+KCL 7.4% within 24 hour. The patient was also given oxygen therapy, antibiotic, probiotics and zinc. The patient was discharged home on hospitalization day 5 with a significant improvement condition. Diarrhea can lead to complications that cause of death in diarrhea cases. This case report highlighted to recognize signs and symptoms and manage severe diarrhea in a hospital with limited resources.

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“…Infants commonly have hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) (1). HPS occurs in 2 to 5 per 1000 live births (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis of 21 days infant

Kurniawan

Atmaja

2022

ijhs

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Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis (HPS) is a condition that occurs in infants with an abnormally thickened pyloric stomach, presented with a symptom of projectile vomiting. The cause of HPS is still unclear. However, it may occur due to multiple factors, including racial, environmental, and genetic factors, with the incidence of one to two out of 1000 live births. We reported a Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis (HPS) case in a 21-day-old baby girl (baby I) with projectile vomiting and yellowish diarrhea about six days before admission, which was recorded to be more than five times a day. The patient was hospitalized at Anwar Medika Hospital for five days before being referred to dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, and a pyloromyotomy were performed. Physical examination and radiological investigations (plain radiographs, Upper Gastrointestinal (UGI), and ultrasonography (USG)) supported the diagnosis of HPS. Ramstedt pyloromyotomy procedure had been conducted with a diagnosis of post-pyloromyotomy hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.

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Acute Diarrhea Patients among Children Under Five Hospitalized in a Tertiary Hospital in East Java, Indonesia

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Treatment of Acute Diarrhea in Children Aged 1–5 Years Provided by Doctors in Surabaya

Treatment of Acute Diarrhea in Children Aged 1–5 Years Provided by Doctors in Surabaya

Acute diarrhoea with severe dehydration and complications in a 1-year-old child: a case report in a hospital with low resource setting

Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis of 21 days infant

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