Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis Following Typhoid Fever: A Case Report

Adhikari, Ridhi; Tayal, Ashis H; Chhetri, Pradip; Pokhrel, Buddhi Raj

doi:10.3126/jcmsn.v9i4.10237

Cited by 1 publication

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“…Involvement of the CNS by Salmonella is a major atypical presentation in childhood. Salmonella has several neurological complications-including postinfectious demyelination [8]-that have been seen in only a few reported cases [9,10]. Since the current patient's encephalopathy could not be explained by fever, postictal symptoms, or systemic illness (given her abnormal BMRI) and she did not have new clinical and BMRI findings in the first five months following disease onset, we diagnosed her with ADEM associated with Salmonella infection, in line with the updated diagnostic criteria of the IPMSSG [1].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rituximab Treatment in Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis Associated with Salmonella Infection

Kaçmaz

Bozan

Çarman

et al. 2021

Case Reports in Pediatrics

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Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an inflammatory, demyelinating, and rapidly progressive disorder of the central nervous system. This condition is also known as postinfectious encephalomyelitis, and it is characterized by multifocal lesions in the brain and spinal cord with widespread neurological findings. High doses of intravenous (IV) methylprednisolone, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), and plasma exchange (PLEX) treatments comprise the first-line therapy. There are limited pediatric case reports refractory to standard treatment. Here, we present the case of a 17-year-old girl diagnosed with ADEM associated with Salmonella infection, which was treated with rituximab.

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