Acute Effects of Competitive Exercise on Risk-Taking in a Sample of Adolescent Male Athletes

Black, Anne C.; Hochman, Edward; Rosen, Marc I.

doi:10.1080/10413200.2012.704621

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Results showed that a single exercise session affects risk-taking behavior, amplifying sex differences: males became more risk seeking and females more risk averse. Similarly to previous findings obtained with adolescent males after their participation in a single bout of intensive exercise [7], male participants in our study increased their risk-taking behavior during exercise, showing a higher average number of pumps for each balloon before deciding to cash out. The present paper contributes to the existing literature by finding that female participants revealed the opposite trend: they showed a significant decrease in their risk-taking behavior during exercise.…”

supporting

confidence: 89%

Acute Exercise Increases Sex Differences in Amateur Athletes’ Risk Taking

et al. 2015

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The research presented here investigates the interaction between acute exercise, biological sex and risk-taking behavior. The study involved 20 amateur athletes (19-33 years old), 10 males and 10 females, who were asked to undergo subsequent experimental sessions designed to compare their risky behaviors on the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) 34 at rest and while exercising at moderate intensity (60% of their maximal aerobic power). Results showed that physical exercise affected male and female participants differently: Whereas males became more risk seeking, females became more risk averse during exercise.

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confidence: 89%

Acute Exercise Increases Sex Differences in Amateur Athletes’ Risk Taking

et al. 2015

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“…However, recent findings indicate that acute, competitive exercise increases risk-taking in young males. 32 Therefore, there are 3 possible reasons either independently or in combination that may explain why risk-taking was unaffected in the current paradigm. 1) The intensity of the exercise was light (˜50% heart rate max) and relatively short (30 min total duration).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Exercise in personal protective equipment in a hot, humid environment does not affect risk propensity

2016

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We tested the hypothesis that heat stress created by light exertion in encapsulating personal protective equipment (PPE) in a hot, humid environment increases risk propensity. Ten healthy subjects (29 ± 7 y) completed 2 trials presented in a counter-balanced manner. Subjects donned encapsulating PPE, and in one trial they wore a tube-lined shirt underneath that was perfused with 5°C water. Subjects completed 2 15 min bouts of walking exercise on a treadmill at ˜50% maximal heart rate in a 32°C, 81% RH environment. Subjects completed the Balloon Analog Risk Task (BART), an objective measure of risk-taking, before, between the 2 exercise bouts, and following the final exercise bout. Personal cooling lowered (P < 0.01) mean skin temperature by 8.0 ± 1.6°C. Intestinal temperature rose (P < 0.01) in both trials, but was lower (P < 0.01) at the end of exercise in the cooling trial (38.0 ± 0.3°C vs. 37.6 ± 0.3°C). BART derived indices of risk propensity were not affected by trial or time (trial × time interaction: P ≥ 0.33). These data indicate that 60 min of exposure to mild heat stress created by light exertion in encapsulating PPE does not affect risk-taking behavior.

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“…Endorphin levels could be measured by taking blood samples from participants. Also, increased dopamine levels could be an underlying mechanism as suggested by Black et al (2013). However, short-term variations of dopamine levels might be difficult to measure in a field study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another mechanism they suggested was fatigue, which may have led to performance errors rather than more risk-taking. However, they did not control for factors related to competition (e.g., who won or lost the game), which may have affected the results (Black et al, 2013). In a series of studies with backcountry skiers, indoor climbers and participants riding on a stationary bicycle, the perception of risks decreased during or immediately after physical activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risks Seem Low While Climbing High: Shift in Risk Perception and Error Rates in the Course of Indoor Climbing Activities

et al. 2018

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Little is known about people’s risk perception while participating in potentially harmful activities. In a field study conducted in a climbing gym, we investigated how the climbing activity influences climbers’ risk perception and error rates. Based on research on embodiment, we argue that the perception of risks may differ between being in an active state during climbing and being in an inactive state before or after climbing. In addition to subjective risk perception, error rates were observed as an objective measure of behavior that increase the risk for accidents. Experience was included as a potential moderator because indoor climbing is also accessible to inexperienced people. Drawing on the affect heuristic, we hypothesized that experienced climbers are guided by their intuitions, which makes them less susceptible for influences of their physical state when judging climbing risks. Less experienced climbers need to rely more on deliberative thinking and their judgments may be more distorted by the effects of being in an active state. Climbers were asked to judge climbing risks at five points in time (twice before, twice during and once after climbing in a gym). In addition, the amount and type of climbing errors was observed at two points in time during the activity. We recruited 57 participants (32% female) in a large climbing gym in Germany, who were between 18 and 57 years of age. Results show that participants’ perception of climbing risks generally decreased during the activity phase as opposed to the pre-activity phase, while error rates increased. Higher experience was associated with lower risk perception, but also more errors. Further, experience may weaken the influence of physical activity on risk perception. In higher risk sports people have to make important decisions while being active. Our results suggest that especially climbers need to be aware that being physically active can distort their risk perception.

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Acute Effects of Competitive Exercise on Risk-Taking in a Sample of Adolescent Male Athletes

Cited by 15 publications

References 20 publications

Acute Exercise Increases Sex Differences in Amateur Athletes’ Risk Taking

Acute Exercise Increases Sex Differences in Amateur Athletes’ Risk Taking

Exercise in personal protective equipment in a hot, humid environment does not affect risk propensity

Risks Seem Low While Climbing High: Shift in Risk Perception and Error Rates in the Course of Indoor Climbing Activities

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