Acute Effects of Ethanol on Liver Blood Circulation in the Anesthetized Dog

Bravo, Iván; Acevedo, C.G.; Gallardo, Victoria

doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.1980.tb04809.x

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Another possible mechanism for an increased hepatic vas cular resistance is that ethanol acts pharmacologically by releasing nor adrenaline from hepatic nerve endings. This hypothesis is supported by a recent study by Bravo et al [3] in dogs. A single intraportal injection of ethanol resulted in a resistance to portal flow and a reduction in blood content of the liver.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Acute Portal Hypertension after Gastric Administration of Ethanol in the Pig

Elmér¹,

Bengmark²,

Göransson³

et al. 1982

Eur Surg Res

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A single gastric administration of 15 ml/kg of 40 % ethanol to anesthetized pigs resulted in an increased portal venous blood pressure which increased with increasing blood alcohol levels. For the first 2 h there was no significant alteration in liver blood flow, but 3 h after the administration of ethanol, when portal blood pressure reached its highest values, liver blood flow had decreased. This was probably caused by increased hepatic vascular resistance as shown in electron thin-section phase-contrast microscopy which at this time showed marked hepatocyte swelling, narrowing of the sinusoids and platelet aggregates in small portal branches.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Acute Portal Hypertension after Gastric Administration of Ethanol in the Pig

Elmér¹,

Bengmark²,

Göransson³

et al. 1982

Eur Surg Res

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“…However, the precise mechanism by which ethanol causes nitric oxide release and the site(s) on which nitric oxide acts in the presence of ethanol remain to be elucidated. To date, reports conflict over the effect of ethanol on hepatic hemodynamics (29)(30)(31)(32)(33). Previous studies by several investigators indicated increases in portal pressure (29,30), whereas others indicated no effect (31)(32)(33).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Roles of endothelin-1 and nitric oxide in the mechanism for ethanol-induced vasoconstriction in rat liver.

Oshita¹,

Takei²,

Kawano³

et al. 1993

J. Clin. Invest.

112

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This study was designed to investigate the mechanism for ethanol-induced hepatic vasoconstriction in isolated perfused rat liver. Upon initiation of ethanol infusion into the portal vein at concentrations ranging from 25 to 100 mM, portal pressure began to increase in a concentration-dependent manner and reached maximal levels in 2-5 min (initial phase), followed by a gradual decrease over the period of ethanol infusion (escape phenomenon). Endothelin-1 antiserum significantly inhibited this ethanol-induced hepatic vasoconstriction by 45-80%. Cessation of infusion of endothelin-1 antiserum was followed by a subsequent increase in portal pressure. On the other hand, when a nitric oxide synthesis inhibitor, NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA), was infused into the portal vein simultaneously with ethanol, the initial phase of the response of portal pressure to ethanol was not altered and the peak values of portal pressure remained unchanged. However, after the peak increase in portal pressure, the rate of decrease was less than in the absence of L-NMMA. Thus, L-NMMA diminished the escape phenomenon and sustained the vasoconstriction. This study supports the hypothesis that two endothelium-derived vasoactive factors, endothelin-1 and nitric oxide, regulate hepatic vascular tone in the presence of ethanol. (J. Clin. Invest.

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“…Simi larly, an increased hepatic vascular resistance has been observed in dogs following an intra portal injection of alcohol [2]. Therefore, it seems likely that the reduction in portal ve nous flow and liver blood in this study with higher rates of alcohol infusion was, at least in part, due to an increased intrahepalic resis tance to portal flow.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…The mechanism where by alcohol increases intrahepatic resistance is not clear. Bravo et al [2] observed that in the dog changes in hepatic haemodynamics fol lowing intraportal injections of either alcohol or noradrenaline were similar and that the hepatic response to both substances was in hibited by yohimbine. Moreover, intraportal administration of alcohol increased the con centration of noradrenaline in hepatic ve nous blood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, alco hol has been reported to decrease, increase or have no effect upon hepatic blood flow in dogs [1,2], baboons [3] and humans [4][5][6][7], These conflicting results are difficult to re concile although to some extent they may be caused by variations in the amount of alcohol given or its mode of administration. This study was carried out to examine the effects of various rates of administration of alcohol on hepatic haemodynamics in the rat.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

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Effects of Alcohol on Hepatic Haemodynamics in the Rat

Jenkins¹,

Baxter²,

Devitt³

et al. 1986

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The effects of varying rates of alcohol infusion (0.015–0.12 mg/g body weight/ min) on hepatic haemodynamics were studied in male Wistar rats. An infusion of 0.015 mg/g body weight/min alcohol had no significant effect on portal pressure (PP) or wedged hepatic venous pressure (WHVP). However, increasing rates of infusion of alcohol (0.03–0.12 mg/g body weight/min) progressively increased PP and WHVP, the maximum increase in PP occurring following an infusion of 0.12 mg/g body weight/min (6.5 ± 0.5 – 10.3 ± 0.6 mm Hg). The effect of varying rates of alcohol infusion on portal venous flow and liver blood flow was biphasic. Thus following an infusion of 0.03 mg/g body weight/min alcohol, liver blood flow (40.6 ± 4.9–54.3 ± 5.8 ml/100g/min) and portal venous flow (28.6 ± 2.9–41.3 ± 4.1 ml/min) were increased. However, following infusions of 0.06 and 0.12 mg/g body weight/min alcohol, liver blood flow and portal venous flow were decreased. The results suggest that previous conflicting reports on the effects of alcohol on hepatic haemodynamics may be related to the dose of alcohol administered.

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Acute Effects of Ethanol on Liver Blood Circulation in the Anesthetized Dog

Cited by 24 publications

References 19 publications

Acute Portal Hypertension after Gastric Administration of Ethanol in the Pig

Acute Portal Hypertension after Gastric Administration of Ethanol in the Pig

Roles of endothelin-1 and nitric oxide in the mechanism for ethanol-induced vasoconstriction in rat liver.

Effects of Alcohol on Hepatic Haemodynamics in the Rat

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