Acute Effects of High-Intensity Interval and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Exercise on GLP-1, Appetite and Energy Intake in Obese Men: A Crossover Trial

Abstract

This study investigated the effect of high-intensity interval (HIIE) and moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) on glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), appetite and energy intake (EI) in obese men. In a randomized crossover trial, 12 participants (28.4 ± 2.6 years, 35.5 ± 4.5 kg/m2, 39.8 ± 2.2% body fat) performed: (I) Control (CON, no exercise); (II) MICE (20 min, 70% of maximal heart rate) and (III) HIIE (10 × 1 min at 90% of maximal heart rate with 1 min recovery). GLP-1 and appetite were assessed at: (I) PRE: pre-exercise; (II) POST: immediately post-exercise; (III) POST-1 h: 1 h post-exercise. EI was assessed after an ad libitum meal offered 1 h post-exercise and over 24 h. There was a significant time × condition interaction for GLP-1 (p = 0.035). Higher GLP-1 levels in MICE vs. CON (p = 0.024) and a trend for HIIE vs. CON (p = 0.069) POST-1h was found. Hunger was reduced immediately post-HIIE compared to CON (p < 0.01), but was not sustained POST-1 h (p > 0.05). EI did not differ between the sessions 1 h post-exercise or over 24H (p > 0.05). In summary, although MICE increased GLP-1 levels POST-1h and HIIE induced a transient reduction in hunger, both exercise protocols did not impact EI in obese men.

Post-Exercise Appetite and Ad Libitum Energy Intake in Response to High-Intensity Interval Training versus Moderate- or Vigorous-Intensity Continuous Training among Physically Inactive Middle-Aged Adults

“…Likewise, in another study [ 34 ] of the effects of MICT (50-min at 70% VO 2max ) and HIIT (6 × 3-min at 90% VO 2max with 3-min active recovery) in combination with short exposure to hypoxia on appetite in 12 healthy male participants, the appetite responses did not appear to be influenced by the exercise modality. A more recent study [ 35 ] of 12 obese men also suggested that neither HIIT (10 × 1-min at 90% HR max with 1-min recovery) nor MICT (20-min at 70% HR max ) altered the energy intake at 1 or 24 h post-exercise, despite an apparent transient reduction in hunger immediately following HIIT.…”

“…In addition, individual variability in food intake responses should not be overlooked, as the present data revealed a relatively large variance in total energy intake. Moreover, the potential effects of obesity level and sex on the appetite response to HIIT remains under debate [ 35 , 40 ]. Accordingly, future studies comparing normal-weight and obese individuals of different sexes are also warranted.…”

A single session of low-volume high-intensity interval and moderate-intensity continuous exercise elicits a transient reduction in ghrelin levels, but not in post-exercise energy intake in obese men

“…Therefore, a potential role of blood lactate should be considered given that it binds to ghrelin-producing cells during exercise and inhibits their secretory function (18,35). Finally, a previous study using similar exercise protocols in obese men found a transient suppression on hunger perception after HIIE, but not after MICE, which may contribute to a reduced post-exercise energy intake (30).…”

Does an acute bout of high intensity interval exercise suppress appetite in obese women?

“…Over the years, obesity is considered as a worldwide problem, and is defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that impairs health [1]. However, recent reports indicate that obesity rates have doubled worldwide in recent years and women are more likely to be obese or overweight than men [2].…”

“…Design and exercise protocol At first, the subjects were evaluated in the form of the control group and then examined with an interval of 10 days in the experimental group form. In the experimental session, the subjects performed 10 exercises, 1 minute running on treadmill at 90% HRmax and with 1 minute rest interval between exercises at 30% HRmax [1]. It should be noted that subjects did not perform any exercises in the control session and only blood samples were taken from them and the visual analog scale (VAS) was completed by them; energy intake was also reported.…”