Acute Effects of Static Stretching, Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching, and Maximum Voluntary Contractions on Explosive Force Production and Jumping Performance

Young, Warren; Elliott, Simon

doi:10.1080/02701367.2001.10608960

Cited by 211 publications

(174 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The decrease in 40 m sprint time after the inclusion of the static stretching agrees with previous research 18,19) . The results of this study are consistent with those of Winchester et al 15) , who found that static stretching prior to performing a sprint decreased the sprint performance by 3%.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Effects of Dynamic Stretch Training on Lower Extremity Power Performance of Young Sprinters

2011

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Abstract. [Purpose] In order to succeed and achieve in sports, athletes need to enhance their specifi c athletic performance in competitions. Therefore, athletes seek to find the best training method for improvement. Stretch is a major part of athletic training preparation during in and off season. However, performing static stretch during warm-up session is controversial. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of different stretches prior to a 40 m sprint and the Margaria-Kalamen Power Test on lower extremity power.[Subjects] Twenty-eight high school sprinters participated in this study.[Methods] They performed three 40 m sprints and the Margaria-Kalamen Power Test following the 12 weeks of different stretches. Repeated measures ANOVA was used for statistical analysis.[Results] The results show that after 12 weeks of intervention, 40 m sprint times and the Margaria-Kalamen Power test performance were signifi cantly enhanced in dynamic stretch compared to static stretch. [Conclusion] We concluded that 12 weeks of dynamic stretch improved 40 m sprint times and leg power compared to static and mixed types of stretch programs. It should be noted that a dynamic stretch program enhanced lower extremity power in high school sprinters.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Effects of Dynamic Stretch Training on Lower Extremity Power Performance of Young Sprinters

2011

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“…Equally as interesting is the respondents' scoring of Flexibility (ranked 32 nd ), where respondents were undecided about this factor. This finding is interesting in light of the literature, which has demonstrated flexibility's negative effect on select dimensions of ballistic human performance 47,48 . This deleterious effect could influence the performance of high-velocity manual therapy maneuvers, such as thrust manipulation.…”

Section: Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors Important To Manual Therapymentioning

confidence: 54%

Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors Important to Manual Therapy Competency Development: A Delphi Investigation

Sizer

Sawyer²,

Felstehausen³

et al. 2008

Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy

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A learner's development of orthopaedic manual physical therapy (OMPT) psychomotor skills may be influenced by selected intrinsic and extrinsic factors. The purposes of this study were to identify the factors that influence learners' development of manual physical therapy competencies and to define each factor as intrinsic or extrinsic. A 3-round Delphi method survey and a retrospective review of the data were used to develop composite scores and rankings. Eighty manual physical therapy educators participated in the 3 rounds. Thirty-six factor descriptor statements associated with manual physical therapy competency were established and further categorized as intrinsic (19 total), extrinsic (10 total), or conceptual outliers (7 total). Cognitive Processing ranked as the most important factor influencing manual physical therapy competency development. Adaptation ranked second, followed by Science Knowledge. This study is the first to establish manual physical therapy educational factors associated with attainment of competency. The majority of the factors distill into the theory of extrinsic and intrinsic factors identified by Schmidt and Lee. The outcomes of this study identify the factors to which OMPT educators should give particular attention when developing and executing the learning experiences for their learners. Keywords:Competency-Based Education, Curriculum, Delphi Technique, Factors, Motor Learning, Musculoskeletal Manipulations, Psychomotor Performance. S pecific manual and/or movement-based competencies are emphasized by physical therapy educators during learners' development of psychomotor skills. Psychomotor skill acquisition is a product of psychomotor learning, which is a set of processes associated with practice or experience leading to relatively permanent changes in the capability for responding to stimuli 1 . As a consequence of psychomotor learning, individuals gain greater movement efficiency, develop more complex movement control strategies, optimize movement behaviors, and develop movement expertise 2 . Schmidt and Lee identified five extrinsic and four intrinsic factors that influence psychomotor learning factors are 1) practice, 2) feedback, 3) task classification, 4) instruction format, and 5) movement context. Factors such as practice, which involves cognitive processing 3,4 , accentuate learned abilities through the processing of sensory information 5 . The use of quantitative feedback and concurrent feedback in manual physical therapy learning has provided both favorable [6][7][8] and unfavorable results 9 . Visual instructional formats incorporate observation to facilitate psychomotor skill acquisition 10 , while kinesthetic instruction uses the learner's sensory system by physically moving the learner through the task 11 . Finally, movement context appears to influence psychomotor skill acquisition 12 . The intrinsic factors include 1) attention, 2) memory, 3) motivation, and 4) psychomotor learning stage 13 . These factors are less tangible and more difficult to measure t...

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“…Static stretching is widely used because it is easy and safe (1,2,13,14,24). Recent studies (4,8,7,9,10,17,23,25), however, have shown that static stretching reduces strength and power production, i.e., muscular performance, of the stretched muscle group. Thus, some researchers (7,17) have proposed that static stretching should not be performed to enhance muscular performance in warm-up for activities that require strength and power production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Static Stretching for 30 Seconds and Dynamic Stretching on Leg Extension Power

Yamaguchi

Ishii

2005

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

132

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Acute Effects of Static Stretching, Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching, and Maximum Voluntary Contractions on Explosive Force Production and Jumping Performance

Cited by 211 publications

References 21 publications

Effects of Dynamic Stretch Training on Lower Extremity Power Performance of Young Sprinters

Effects of Dynamic Stretch Training on Lower Extremity Power Performance of Young Sprinters

Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors Important to Manual Therapy Competency Development: A Delphi Investigation

Effects of Static Stretching for 30 Seconds and Dynamic Stretching on Leg Extension Power

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