Acute Encephalitis Syndrome in Children With Special Reference to Japanese Encephalitis: A Retrospective Analysis

Gogoi, Arpita; Panyang, Rita; Baro, Lokajeet; Baruah, Aditi; Dowerah, Pritikar

doi:10.14260/jemds/2016/762

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Assam reported the mortality was 20.5% among the JE positive cases in the age group less than 12 yrs. 27 Time Trend Similar time trend has been reported from other parts of the country. 28 It is evident from different studies that new mutations occurring in JE virus genome due to climatic reasons, which is resulting in the emergence of new environmentally adapted mutant/strains.…”

Section: Cfrsupporting

confidence: 81%

Epidemiological Study on Trends of Japanese Encephalitis and Acute Encephalitis Syndrome in Cachar District of Assam

Dey¹,

Chakravarty²

2019

jemds

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BACKGROUND Japanese Encephalitis (JE) over the years has emerged as one of the major public health problems in the country due to its complex eco-epidemiology. JE virus is a leading cause of encephalitis in Asia, causing an estimated 67, 900 JE cases annually. JE/AES has been reported from 171 districts of 19 States in the country. The present study was undertaken to study the trend of AES/JE cases in Cachar District of South Assam. METHODS This is a retrospective descriptive study. IDSP surveillance data was examined for the period January 2014 to December 2016. Results were analysed, and appropriate statistical methods was applied. RESULTS Among 300 clinically diagnosed cases of AES, 189 were males (63%) and rest 111 (37%) were females. The overall SPR for JE was 16.33%. Significant association was found between age groups and sample positivity rate and in distribution of cases in different block PHCs; with highest SPR observed in 31 to 60 years age group. The CFR in AES and JE Cases was found to be 12.34% and 12.24% respectively. The monthly JE cases show seasonal peaks during June to October, coinciding with rainy and post-rainy seasons. Significant correlation of rainfall with prevalence of JE was noticed. CONCLUSIONS JE is endemic in south Assam districts and affects all age groups specially adults. Hence, JE vaccination, integrated vector control management, information, behaviour change communication to be initiated for control of JE.

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Section: Cfrsupporting

confidence: 81%

Epidemiological Study on Trends of Japanese Encephalitis and Acute Encephalitis Syndrome in Cachar District of Assam

Dey¹,

Chakravarty²

2019

jemds

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“…Similar results have been reported in many studies: Vasanthapuram R et al reported 16% positivity for JEV among the patients with AES, but Kaliban L et al and Gogoi A et al reported significantly higher proportion of JE positive patients among the AES cases. [ 10 11 12 ] The affected age group for both AES and JE in majority was 1-5 years, followed by 5-10 years, while the least affected age group was 0-1 year. Similar results were seen in the study conducted by Kumari R et al in Uttar Pradesh, in which 58% of AES cases were from the age group 4-6 years for AES, and 75.1% cases of JE were in the age group of 15 years or less.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Japanese encephalitis in Uttar Pradesh, India: A situational analysis

Singh

Kharya

Agarwal

et al. 2020

J Family Med Prim Care

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Introduction: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a vector-borne, viral illness caused by the Japanese Encephalitis Virus. Permanent neurologic or psychiatric sequelae can occur in 30%–50% of those with encephalitis; hence, JE is a cause of major public health concern. For the ease of diagnosis and facilitation of surveillance, National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme uses the term Acute Encephalitis Syndrome (AES). In this study, an attempt has been made to ascertain the status and trends of AES and JE in Uttar Pradesh, India. Methodology: This is a record-based retrospective study. The data were obtained from the Directorate of Medical and Health Services of Uttar Pradesh and analyzed using software SPSS version 24.0. Results: In Uttar Pradesh, there were 47,509 reported cases of AES from 2005 to 2018,. With yearly fluctuations, the average Case Fatality Rate of AES was 17.49% with highest in 2005 (24.76%) and lowest in 2018 (8%). Among the patients with AES, 9.98% were found positive for JE. The most commonly affected age group is 1-5 years for both AES and JE, closely followed by the age group of 5-10 years. Peak occurrence of both AES and JE was recorded in month of September. Among the AES-affected patients 53.8% were males and 46.2% were females. Conclusion: The most commonly affected age group was 1-5 years with peak occurrence in the month of September. Though there was a downward trend in CFR, awareness activities like “Dastak” campaign and intersectoral preventive activities, needs to be strengthened.

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“…But in our study, younger age of 1 m to less than 1 year was found to be associated with better prognostic outcome. 10,11 Burke et al also did not find any association between age and outcome in AES patients. 12 Among the 105 male patients, 35 expired constituting 33.3% and 41(39%) were discharged without sequelae.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

A study of the outcome of acute encephalitis syndrome in children

Barbhuiyan

Bezboruah

2021

Int J Contemp Pediatr

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Background: Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) is defined as a person of any age, at any time of the year, with acute onset of fever and a change in mental status (including symptoms such as confusion, disorientation, coma, inability to talk) and/or new onset of seizures (excluding simple febrile seizures) [WHO]. Japanese encephalitis (JE) is one of the leading causes of AES affecting children and adolescents in the tropical countries. Objective of the study were to study the outcome of children with AES. The study was conducted in the department of pediatrics, Gauhati medical college and hospital, Guwahati from 1st July 2016 to 30th June 2017.Methods: Patients admitted in the pediatrics department of Gauhati medical college and hospital, Guwahati with diagnosis of AES during the study period were taken into account based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: It has been observed that age, awareness among caregivers, poor GCS, multiple seizures, shock are important factors in the outcome of AES.Conclusions: From the present study, prognosis of the cases may be predicted and measures taken to improve outcome

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Acute Encephalitis Syndrome in Children With Special Reference to Japanese Encephalitis: A Retrospective Analysis

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

Epidemiological Study on Trends of Japanese Encephalitis and Acute Encephalitis Syndrome in Cachar District of Assam

Epidemiological Study on Trends of Japanese Encephalitis and Acute Encephalitis Syndrome in Cachar District of Assam

Japanese encephalitis in Uttar Pradesh, India: A situational analysis

A study of the outcome of acute encephalitis syndrome in children

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