Acute Eosinophilic Pneumonia in AIDS

Glazer, Craig S.; Cohen, Lance; Schwarz, Marvin I.

doi:10.1378/chest.120.5.1732

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Other exposures linked to AEP include Scotchguard inhalation (12), tear gas, gasoline, indoor renovation work (1), approximately 48 different medications (13), firework smoke (14), and cocaine (15). Only one case has been described in an AIDS patient to date (16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute eosinophilic pneumonia: A case report and review of the literature

Janz

O’Neal

Ely

2009

Critical Care Medicine

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The diagnostic criteria and treatment of AEP is currently based on data from limited case series. Although these criteria are rigid, a wide variation in symptoms, diagnostic findings, and treatments reported further emphasizes our lack of knowledge regarding the pathophysiology of this illness. Important questions remain regarding this disease, including predisposing factors in patients with AEP and the benefit of treating with steroids.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute eosinophilic pneumonia: A case report and review of the literature

Janz

O’Neal

Ely

2009

Critical Care Medicine

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“…Our patient was not exposed to new medications or exposures prior to his presentation, making COVID-19 a more convincing etiology of AEP. Viral illnesses have infrequently been associated with AEP, but there are case reports of its association with influenza and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) [ 5 - 7 ]. Some therapies for COVID-19 are novel or uncommon, and therefore it is difficult to conclude that they do not cause AEP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Eosinophilic Pneumonia Associated With COVID-19 Infection

Vogel¹,

El‐Kersh²

2022

Cureus

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The knowledge about COVID-19 infection and sequelae is evolving. Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP) is not a well-recognized complication of COVID-19 infection, with few cases reported in the literature. We report a case of a 60-year-old male with a history of an orthotopic heart transplant on chronic immunosuppression who had AEP three weeks after a COVID-19 infection. He presented with diarrhea and acute kidney injury without respiratory symptoms. After discharge, the patient experienced progressive fevers, dyspnea, and cough resulting in a second admission to the hospital with acute hypoxic respiratory failure requiring supplemental oxygen. Imaging demonstrated ground-glass opacities with areas of consolidation and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid demonstrated AEP. The patient was treated with steroids resulting in the resolution of his symptoms and radiographic findings. This case highlights the potential for AEP to complicate COVID-19 infections.

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“…In previous reports of acute eosinophilic pneumonia or bronchiolitis in patients infected with HIV, often no aetiological diagnosis could be identified. [5][6][7] Pneumonitis due to infection by geohelminths, including Ascaris and hookworms, occurs during the pulmonary larval migration phase as a result of a hypersensitivity reaction towards the larvae, and often manifests as respiratory symptoms mimicking episodic asthmatic attacks, pulmonary infiltrates and peripheral blood eosinophilia. 8 Because Ascaris is unable to complete its life cycle within the human host, it does not behave as an opportunistic pathogen in patients infected with HIV or other immunocompromised hosts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ascaris-induced eosinophilic pneumonitis in an HIV-infected patient: Figure 1

Lau

Woo²,

Wong³

et al. 2007

J Clin Pathol

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A case of Ascaris-induced eosinophilic pneumonitis in an HIV-infected patient is described. Owing to his HIV status and the absence of peripheral blood eosinophilia on admission, the initial diagnosis was incorrect until the passage of two worms in his stool. The patient developed eosinophilia subsequently, and examination of his sputum also showed increased eosinophils. The patient gradually improved with inhaled bronchodilators, steroid and mebendazole. As peripheral blood eosinophilia may be transient and the larval migration phase occurs before eggs are present in stool, a high index of suspicion is required in making the diagnosis of Ascaris pneumonitis. Examination of sputum for larvae or increased eosinophils should be performed in patients suspected of having pulmonary infiltrates from endemic areas irrespective of peripheral blood eosinophil counts.

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Acute Eosinophilic Pneumonia in AIDS

Cited by 16 publications

References 31 publications

Acute eosinophilic pneumonia: A case report and review of the literature

Acute eosinophilic pneumonia: A case report and review of the literature

Acute Eosinophilic Pneumonia Associated With COVID-19 Infection

Ascaris-induced eosinophilic pneumonitis in an HIV-infected patient: Figure 1

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