Acute exercise mobilises CD8+ T lymphocytes exhibiting an effector-memory phenotype

Campbell, John P.; Riddell, Natalie E.; Burns, Victoria E.; Turner, M.J.; Zanten, Jet J.C.S. Veldhuijzen van; Drayson, Mark T.; Bosch, Jos A.

doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2009.02.011

Cited by 180 publications

(208 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Our findings substantially expand these previous findings in showing that the epinephrine-induced increase in circulating immune cells is highly specific to cytotoxic effector subtypes, namely, effector CD8 + T cells, g/d T cells, NKT-like cells, cytotoxic NK cells, and proinflammatory monocytes, whereas no change is seen for cells lacking any cytotoxic potential, namely, CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells at their early stage of differentiation, immunomodulatory NK cells, and conventional monocytes. Consistent with previous observations (3,16,25,42), cytotoxic NK cells show the most pronounced increase after epinephrine.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Our findings of substantial mobilization of g/d T cells after epinephrine likewise agrees with the view of a first line of (47). Moreover, the observed increase in cells after epinephrine administration was restricted to cytotoxic NK cells and proinflammatory monocytes that complements previous studies (16,20,21,24,25,42), whereas no change was seen for immunomodulatory NK cells or conventional monocytes. Like effector CD8 + T cells, g/d T cells, and NKT-like cells, both cytotoxic NK cells and proinflammatory monocytes are important cytotoxic effector cells in the early immune defense (28,(48)(49)(50)(51)(52).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…The epinephrine-induced mobilization of effector CD8 + T cells is consistent with previous studies of increased effector CCR7 2 / CD62L 2 CD45RA + CD8 + T cell numbers after stress or catecholamine administration (19,22,25). These effector CD8 + T cells represent a stage of T cell differentiation occurring late in the immune response, and are hence called terminally differentiated cytotoxic T cells.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…We hypothesized that a unique adhesion molecule and chemokine receptor profile make cytotoxic effector cells residents of the marginal pool, and that changes of these molecules via stimulation of b2-adrenergic receptors induce their demargination. In line with previous findings (4,16,17,20,21,25,53,57,58), in this study, epinephrinesensitive cytotoxic cells showed a lack of CD62L and a high density of CD11a. Importantly, however, we revealed that cytotoxic effector cells also selectively express CXCR1 and especially CX3CR1 (26-28, 31, 48, 53, 58).…”

supporting

confidence: 80%

“…Stress as well as diurnal increases in SNS activity mobilize cells with low expression of Lselectin (CD62L) and high expression of integrin LFA-1 (CD11a) such as effector memory (EM) and effector CD8 + T cells, CD16 to changes in catecholaminergic activity (10,(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25). Along with the CD62L 2 CD11a bright phenotype, effector immune cells are generally characterized by high expression of inflammatory chemokine receptors, such as CCR5, CXCR1, CXCR3, and CX3CR1 (26)(27)(28).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selective Mobilization of Cytotoxic Leukocytes by Epinephrine

Dimitrov

Lange

Born³

2009

The Journal of Immunology

197

150

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It is well-known that acute stress, presumably as a first defense against pathogens, enhances PBMC counts by mobilizing these β2-adrenoceptor positive cells from the marginal pool. Yet, only select leukocyte subsets participate in this phenomenon of adrenergic leukocytosis and underlying mechanisms are obscure. In this study, we analyzed in human blood adhesion molecule and chemokine receptor profiles in 14 leukocyte subsets, and responsiveness of subsets to epinephrine in vivo and in vitro. Five subsets, namely, CCR7−CD45RA+CD8+ effector T cells, CD4−CD8− γ/δ T cells, CD3+CD56+ NKT-like cells, CD16+CD56dim cytotoxic NK cells, and CD14dimCD16+ proinflammatory monocytes showed a rapid and transient increase after infusion of epinephrine at physiological concentrations. These cells were characterized by a CD62L−CD11abrightCX3CRbright phenotype, whereby expression of both CD11a and CX3CR1 was strongly correlated with adrenergic leukocytosis in vivo (r = 0.86 and 0.78, p < 0.005). The same subsets showed highest adherence to activated endothelium in vitro, which (except for proinflammatory monocytes) was reversed by epinephrine. We conclude that these five cytotoxic effector leukocyte subsets comprise the marginal pool by a CD11a/CX3CR1-mediated attachment to the endothelium. Epinephrine rapidly attenuates this attachment to allow demargination and release of the cells into the circulation that, because of their cytotoxic effector function, provide immediate protection from invading pathogens.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

supporting

confidence: 80%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Selective Mobilization of Cytotoxic Leukocytes by Epinephrine

Dimitrov

Lange

Born³

2009

The Journal of Immunology

197

150

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Effects of concentric and eccentric exercise regimens on bioenergetic efficiency of lymphocytes in sedentary males

Peng,

Lin,

Hsu

et al. 2024

European Journal of Sport Science

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Eccentric exercise training (EET) increases physical performance while having lower metabolic demand than concentric exercise training (CET). Whether EET influences bioenergetic efficiency in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) remains unclear. This study investigates the effects of EET and CET on PBMC phenotypes and mitochondrial functions in blood. Thirty three sedentary healthy males were randomly assigned to either EET (n = 11) or CET (n = 11) that performed at progressively increased from 60% to 80% of maximal absolute workload for 30 min/day, 5 days/week for 6 weeks, or a control group (n = 11) that did not receive any exercise intervention. A graded exercise stress test (GXT) was performed before and after the intervention. PBMC phenotypes and mitochondrial respiratory capacity were analyzed using flowcytometry and high‐resolution respirometry, respectively. In the same absolute workload, EET elicited lower heart rate and rating of perceived exertion than CET. However, EET as CET increased the VO2 level at the ventilatory threshold. Notably, both EET and CET increased central memory (CD45RO+/CD62+/CD3+) T cells and decreased effector memory T cells reexpressing CD45RA (CD45RA+/CD62‐/CD3+). Moreover, the two exercise regimens diminished the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) caused by GXT, increased maximal/reserve O2 consumption rates (OCR), and bioenergetic health index in intact PBMCs and enhanced complex I‐/II‐related OCR in PBMCs with a substrate‐rich environment. EET improves aerobic fitness with a lower cardiovascular response to exercise than CET. Moreover, EET as CET reduces senescent T‐cell distribution in blood and improves PBMC bioenergetic efficiency by stabilizing ΔΨm and increasing capacity of oxidative phosphorylation.

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Exercise and Immunosenescence

Simpson

Spielmann

2012

Immunosenescence

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Acute exercise mobilises CD8+ T lymphocytes exhibiting an effector-memory phenotype

Cited by 180 publications

References 54 publications

Selective Mobilization of Cytotoxic Leukocytes by Epinephrine

Selective Mobilization of Cytotoxic Leukocytes by Epinephrine

Effects of concentric and eccentric exercise regimens on bioenergetic efficiency of lymphocytes in sedentary males

Exercise and Immunosenescence

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