Acute exercise mobilizes CD8+ cytotoxic T cells and NK cells in lymphoma patients

Abstract

Background: Studies have shown that acute exercise can mobilize several leukocyte subpopulations in healthy individuals. Our aim was to investigate whether a 10-min acute exercise has an effect on immune cell proportions in lymphoma patients.Methods: This study included seven lymphoma patients referred to curative oncologic therapy. Three had Hodgkin and four non-Hodgkin lymphoma, one was female, and their mean age was 51. Patients underwent a 10-min acute exercise on a bicycle ergometer at moderate exercise intensity. Whole blood samples were taken at rest, immediately after exercise, and 30 min after exercise. Leukocyte subpopulation levels were determined using flow cytometry.Results: Proportions of total NK cells and CD56+CD16+ NK cells of total leukocytes increased immediately after exercise and decreased back to baseline at 30 min post-exercise. Proportion of CD8+ T cells of total T cells increased and proportion of CD4+ T cells of total T cells decreased immediately after exercise, and both returned to baseline at 30 min post-exercise. There was no change in the proportions of B cells, granulocytes, or monocytes. Exercising diastolic blood pressure correlated positively with changes in total NK cell and CD56+CD16+ NK cell proportions, and exercising mean arterial pressure correlated positively with change in CD56+CD16+ NK cell proportion.Conclusion: Our findings indicate that a single acute exercise bout of only 10 min can cause leukocytosis in lymphoma patients, particularly on cytotoxic T cells and NK cells, which are the most important immune cells fighting against cancer.

The effect of acute exercise on circulating immune cells in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients

“…In our previous studies, we have observed an association between BMI and leukocyte count, but surprisingly not in this study. In a study with lymphoma patients in same settings we found that BMI correlated positively with change in NK cell count and granulocyte proportion between rest and exercise and with baseline levels of CD14 + CD16 + and CD14 − CD16 + monocytes 34 . Moreover, high BMI is associated with higher leukocyte count in otherwise apparently healthy people with various degrees of overweight and obesity 35 .…”

“…After centrifugation, the cells were resuspended in 300 µL of PBS and samples were pipetted into a flat bottom 96-well plate. As applied previously 34 , 48 – 52 , samples were analyzed by running 150 µL of each sample with a BD LSR Fortessa™ flow cytometer (BD Biosciences, San Jose, USA) on the same day using BD FACSDiVa v.8 program (BD Biosciences, San Jose, USA). All samples were analyzed by the same person under the same conditions.…”

The effect of exercise and disease status on mobilization of anti-tumorigenic and pro-tumorigenic immune cells in women with breast cancer

“…In healthy individuals, the number of circulating neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes increase in response to different types of exercise (15)(16)(17)(18). Previously, we showed that acute 10-minute light-to-moderate-intensity exercise increases the number of total leukocytes, CD8 + T cells, CD19 + B cells, CD16 + NK cells, and CD14 + CD16 + monocytes in the circulation of newly diagnosed breast cancer patients (13) and fairly similar responses were seen in lymphoma patients (19). These studies, however, did not include pro-tumorigenic cells, for example MDSCs or regulatory T cells.…”

“…Lactate concentration (Lactate Scout 4, EKF Diagnostics, Barleben, Germany), blood pressure (Apteq AE701f, Rossmax Swiss GmbH, Berneck, Switzerland), and heart rate (Palmsat 2500, Nonin, Plymouth, USA) were measured at the same time points as the blood samples were drawn, and heart rate was also measured continuously during the exercise with Polar H10 heart rate sensor (Polar Electro Oy, Kempele, Finland). Participants' rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was determined with a Borg scale (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). Rate pressure product (RPP) was measured by multiplying systolic blood pressure by heart rate.…”

Determining Optimal Cut-Off Value of Pancreatic-Cancer-Induced Total Cholesterol and Obesity-Related Factors for Developing Exercise Intervention: Big Data Analysis of National Health Insurance Sharing Service Data

“…Cytotoxic T cells and natural killer (NK) cells are important for defense against tumor cells, and these cells seem to be activated during exercise [33,34]. In particular, CD8+ T cells and NK cells, rather than CD4+ T cells, are significantly effective during acute exercise [35], suggesting that different exercise intensities specifically affect the immune response differently [36].…”