Acute fluoride toxicity

Duxbury, A J; Leach, F. N.; Duxbury, J T

doi:10.1038/sj.bdj.4804855

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Several patients had to drop out of the study because of dyspepsia, and tbe remaining group showed a higb incidence of gastrointestinal irritation. In dental treatment, a small but significant number of patients given topical fluoride gel treatments (647 mM NaF) complain of nausea (Beal & Rock 1976, Duxbury et al 1982, and a few actually vomit. Because most patients given topical fluoride are ehildren who are often anxious and upset during dental treatment, these problems are usually dismissed as being due to stress.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of fluoride on the gastric mucosa of the rat

Pashley

Allison

Easmann

et al. 1984

J Oral Pathology Medicine

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Fluoride is widely used for the prevention of dental caries. Very low concentrations of fluoride are routinely ingested in optimally fluoridated drinking water of many communities. Higher concentrations of fluoride in toothpastes, mouthrinses and topically applied gels also may be ingested, especially by children. The potential effect of ingested fluoride on the gastric mucosa was the subject of this investigation. Solutions of 0, 1, or 10 mM NaF in 0.1 N HCl were placed in rat stomachs in vivo for up to one hour. The effects of fluoride on the structure and function of the gastric mucosa were determined. Histologic and SEM examinations revealed dose‐and time‐dependent damage to the surface mucous cells. The 10 mM, but not the 1 mM, NaF solution increased gastric mucosal permeability to small but not to large molecules.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of fluoride on the gastric mucosa of the rat

Pashley

Allison

Easmann

et al. 1984

J Oral Pathology Medicine

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“…In the study by Ekstrand et al (1981), plasma F levels exceeding 52 pLmol/L were demonstrated in a five-and a six-year-old child after treatment with 1.23% F gel. Gastric irritation -such as nausea, vomiting, or epigastric pain in conjunction with APF gel (1.23% F) treatment or ingestion of other high-concentration F preparations -has also been reported (Beal and Rock, 1976;Spoerke et al, 1980;Duxbury et al, 1982;Rubenstein and Avent, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Studies of Human Gastric Mucosa After Application of 0.42% Fluoride Gel

et al. 1990

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Dental prophylaxis with APF gels (1.23%) may cause gastric distress as a side-effect. This gastric irritation is probably due to a direct toxic effect of fluoride (F), swallowed in conjunction with the treatment, on the gastric mucosa. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether--and to what extent--a dental treatment with 3 g of a 0.42%-F gel could affect the gastric mucosa due to inadvertent swallowing of the gel. Ten subjects underwent a control gastroscopy, and two weeks later, a second gastroscopy was performed two h after a F gel treatment. During the gastroscopy, the mucosa was examined and the injuries graded according to an arbitrary scale. Four biopsies of the antral and corpus regions of the stomach were taken and evaluated histologically. The mean (+/- SD) amount of F retained after the application was 5.1 +/- 2.1 mg, i.e., 40% of the applied amount of F. Petechiae and erosions were found in the mucosa in seven of the ten patients. The histopathological evaluation revealed changes in nine of ten patients, with the surface epithelium as the most affected component of the mucosa. The present study clearly shows that a treatment with a F gel of rather low F concentration may result in injuries to the gastric mucosa. The importance of current recommended guidelines so that the amount of F swallowed during a gel application can be minimized is emphasized. From a toxicological standpoint, the use of a low-F gel instead of a 1.23%-F gel in small children is recommended for avoidance of adverse gastric effects.

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“…En menores de 5 afios se puede producir fluorosis dental en los dientes en desarrollo, con el uso regular, no supervisado, de gcles fluorados 3 . Como el reflejo de deglucion no se pucde controlar prdcticamente en los menores de cualro afios, ellos tienen mayor riesgo de ingestion excesiva del fluor de vehiculos topicos que, sumada a otros suplementos y al contenido normal del elemento en la dicta, puede cambiar significativamente el patron de severidad de la fluorosis 7 . Los alimentos con mayor concentracion de fliior conocida, son el te y los productos del mar, principalmente los pescados, con alto contenido en sus espinas, desde donde se liberaria en la coccidn 1 .…”

Section: Factores De Riesgo Y Factor Es Causaiesunclassified

Fluor: potenciales efectos adversos

Rivera

B²,

A³

et al. 1993

Rev. chil. pediatr.

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Prolonged fluorine intake can cause skeletal fluorosis, which may affect teeth, bone tissue and secondarily the nervus sislem. Growth, previous exposure to fluorides, malnutrition, inanition, acid urinary pH, enhance fluorine retention in the body. In subacule and chronic fluorine exposure there are detectable skeletal changes (in the epiphyses of long bones,skull and cervical spine). Cost benefit ratio should be considered when fluorides are prescribed, including the higher susceptibility of children to fluorosis, terotogenecity and the presence of mentioned risk factors. In this country investigations are needed on real needs of fluorine among diferent regional communities, and appropriate knowledge on the concenlralions of fluorine in drugs, tooth pastes, waters and foods is urged before decisions that involve indiscriminated fluoridalion of waters are to be taken.[

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Acute fluoride toxicity

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

The effects of fluoride on the gastric mucosa of the rat

The effects of fluoride on the gastric mucosa of the rat

Studies of Human Gastric Mucosa After Application of 0.42% Fluoride Gel

Fluor: potenciales efectos adversos

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