Acute Granulomatous Hepatitis

Bonkowsky, Herbert L.

doi:10.1001/jama.1975.03260120046019

Cited by 51 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Portal vein thrombosis has also been described as a rare complication of acute CMV-associated hepatitis [32, 33]. CMV infection is also a differential diagnosis in cases of granulomatous hepatitis [34, 35]. …”

Section: Diagnosis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytomegalovirus Colitis, Cytomegalovirus Hepatitis and Systemic Cytomegalovirus Infection: Common Features and Differences

Nakase

Herfarth

2016

Inflamm Intest Dis

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Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a ubiquitous human herpes virus, which, after often asymptomatic primary infection, establishes a lifelong latent infection that can periodically be reactivated in both immunocompetent and immunosuppressed carriers. Whereas the diagnostic approach in case of a suspicion of CMV reactivation is well defined, the indication for antiviral therapy can often only be made in the context of an extent of organ involvement, the immune status, and comorbidities of the patient. This article reviews the epidemiology, diagnosis, and therapy of CMV reactivation with a focus on inflammatory bowel diseases and potentially different diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in Asia and the Western world.

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Section: Diagnosis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytomegalovirus Colitis, Cytomegalovirus Hepatitis and Systemic Cytomegalovirus Infection: Common Features and Differences

Nakase

Herfarth

2016

Inflamm Intest Dis

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“…The most consistent finding of HCMV hepatitis in liver biopsies of both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients is a mononuclear infiltrate. 3,[40][41][42][43]86,93,94 However, the degree of inflammatory infiltrate differs. Immunocompromised patients have an overall low degree of inflammatory mononuclear infiltrate.…”

Section: Histopathological Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, these are more commonly seen in HCMV hepatitis in contrast to other viral causes of hepatitis. 3,41,43 The degree of the host immunodeficiency likely affects the extension of the inflammatory reaction observed in the specimens. As discussed above, lack of immune response might allow an increased direct viral cytopathogenicity, which leads to more extensive necrosis.…”

Section: Histopathological Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 2 describes, in more detail, the biopsy findings of 22 previously healthy immunocompetent patie nts. [40][41][42][43][44][45]47,52,53,58,61 Table 3 summarizes the main biopsy findings of immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients.…”

Section: Histopathological Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bonkowsky et al 43 Portal triads infiltrated with lymphocytes, histiocytes, plasma cells, and neutrophils. Lobules with lymphocytes, monocytes and proliferating reticuloendothelial cells.…”

Section: Liver Biopsy Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytomegalovirus Hepatitis in Immunocompetent and Immunocompromised Hosts

Cunha¹,

Wu²

2021

Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology

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Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is common and affects between 40–100% of the worldwide population. However, the majority of cases are asymptomatic and when severe disease occurs, it is usually restricted to immunocompromised patients. Liver involvement by HCMV differs significantly, accordingly to the immune status of the host. In immunocompromised patients, particularly liver transplant patients, it often causes clinically significant hepatitis. On the other hand, in immunocompetent patients, HCMV hepatitis requiring hospitalization is extremely rare. This review aims to appraise studies regarding the pathophysiology of HCMV hepatitis, including mechanisms of latency and reactivation and its contribution to disease development, clinical presentation, diagnostic modalities and treatment, with a focus on comparing different aspects between immunocompromised and immunocompetent hosts.

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Liver Disease in Cytomegalovirus Mononucleosis: A Light Microscopical and Immunoperoxidase Study of Six Cases

Snover

Horwitz

1984

Hepatology

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Six liver biopsies from previously healthy adult patients with cytomegalovirus (CMV) mononucleosis were studied by routine light microscopy and by the immunoperoxidase technique for CMV antigen. Light microscopical findings consisting of a mononuclear portal and sinusoidal infiltrate, increased hepatocellular mitotic activity and minimal hepatocellular necrosis were consistently found. Less common features were granuloma formation and bile duct epithelial damage. Typical CMV nuclear inclusions and CMV antigen were identified in only one case, a patient with marked leukopenia secondary to CMV who had received corticosteroid therapy. The other five cases contained no inclusions and CMV antigen could not be identified by immunoperoxidase staining. This data suggests that, as with hepatitis B, viral antigen is not identifiable in acute CMV hepatitis in the immunocompetent host, perhaps due to active destruction of infected cells. The immunoperoxidase technique for CMV appears to be of little value in the diagnosis of acute CMV hepatitis.

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Acute Granulomatous Hepatitis

Cited by 51 publications

References 23 publications

Cytomegalovirus Colitis, Cytomegalovirus Hepatitis and Systemic Cytomegalovirus Infection: Common Features and Differences

Cytomegalovirus Colitis, Cytomegalovirus Hepatitis and Systemic Cytomegalovirus Infection: Common Features and Differences

Cytomegalovirus Hepatitis in Immunocompetent and Immunocompromised Hosts

Liver Disease in Cytomegalovirus Mononucleosis: A Light Microscopical and Immunoperoxidase Study of Six Cases

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