Acute hemorrhagic edema of young children (cockade purpura and edema): A case series and systematic review

Acute Hemorrhagic Edema of Infancy

“…Case series are also support this data (Alp et al, 2009;Fiore et al, 2008;Ince et al, 1995;Legrain et al, 1991;Poyrazoglu et al, 2003;Saraclar et al, 1990). Also, AlSufyani suggests the male to female ratio approximately 4.64/1 (AlSufyani, 2009).…”

“…Also, AlSufyani suggests the male to female ratio approximately 4.64/1 (AlSufyani, 2009). However, adding the reported cases between 2008 and 2010 (Alp et al, 2009;Babic et al, 2008;Cicero, 2008;Ferraira et al, 2010;Fiore et al, 2008;Halıcıoglu et al, 2010;Jain & Patel, 2008;Javidi et al, 2008;Kumar et al, 2008;Karremann et al, 2009;Obeid et al, 2008;Slutsky et al, 2010;Sites et al, 2008) makes the male to female ratio approximately 4.34/1. Also, Fiore and colleagues reported the ratios of boys as %67 and girls as %33 in their systematic review (Fiore et al, 2008).…”

“…However, cases at birth (Cunningham et al, 1996(Cunningham et al, , 1999 and over 2 years of age (Alp et al, 2009;Dubin et al, 1990;Poyrazoglu et al, 2003;Slutsky et al, 2010), with classical features of AHEI, have been reported. Also, rare cases have been reported in older children up to 60 months of age (Alp et al, 2009;Fiore et al, 2008;Legrain et al, 1991). So, it can be suggested that AHEI can be diagnosed from newborn to 60 months of age.…”

“…So, it can be suggested that AHEI can be diagnosed from newborn to 60 months of age. Actually, newly added reports of AHEI in English literature between 2008 and 2010 (Alp et al, 2009;Babic et al, 2008;Cicero, 2008;Ferraira et al, 2010;Fiore et al, 2008;Halıcıoglu et al, 2010;Jain & Patel, 2008;Javidi et al, 2008;Kumar et al, 2008;Karremann et al, 2009;Obeid et al, 2008;Slutsky et al, 2010;Sites et al, 2008) with the review by AlSufyani (AlSufyani, 2009) make the mean age approximately 16.56 months instead of 13.75 months reported by Alsufyani (Alsufyani, 2009). Indeed, there have been some reports of cases occurring beyond the age of 3 years; however, these cases have the features that overlap with those of Henoch-Schönlein purpura (Legrain et al, 1991;Shah et al, 2002).…”

“…This is probably because, the most papers on the subject being written different languages in the world and AHEI is called Henoch-Schönlein purpura in the United States. Although most of the prints were in case reports (Babic et al, 2008;Can et al, 2006;Di Lernia et al, 2004;Garty et al, 2002;Michael, 2006;Millard et al, 1999;Macea et al, 2003;Obeid et al, 2008;Serna et al, 1994, Silveira & Braganca, 2006, case series were also published (Alp et al, 2009;Caksen et al, 2002;Fiore et al, 2008;Gelmetti et al, 1985;Gonggryp & Todd, 1998;Ince et al, 1995;Karremann et al, 2009;Krause et al, 1996;Legrain et al, 1991;Poyrazoglu et al, 2003;Saraclar et al, 1990;Sites et al, 2008). Today, AHEI is considered as a separate entity, but not a variant of Henoch-Schönlein purpura, with clinical findings and prognosis.…”