Nowadays, orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is the most definitive treatment in patients with end stage liver failure. In the early postoperative period after OCT, hemodynamic stabilization, maintenance of oxygenation with mechanical ventilation and weaning, preservation of renal functions and providing hemostasis should be our main targets. Early diagnosis and treatment of complications with an experienced intensive care team is important for graft function and survival. In this review, perioperative intensive care management of OLT patients was discussed according to current literature.