Acute Kidney Injury: Incidence, aetiology, management and outcome measures of a Samoan case series

Chadwick, Nathan; Perman, Mai Ling; Leavai, Folototo; Kaspar, Annette

doi:10.1016/j.amsu.2022.103362

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Setelah prioritas terapi sudah dilakukan, selanjutnya terapi dilakukan untuk menangani penyebab gagal ginjal akut. Namun, sampai saat ini belum tersedia terapi yang spesifik untuk gagal ginjal akut sehingga pengobatannya masih bergantung pada terapi suportif [7]- [10].…”

Section: Aunclassified

Pengaplikasian Nanoteknologi dalam Terapi Gagal Ginjal Akut

Putri Aulia Silvana

2023

JRF

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Abstract. Acute kidney injury is a condition when kidney function decreases marked by decreased glomerular filtration rate and increased metabolic end products (BUN and creatinine). Currently, the treatment of acute kidney failure is still supportive, expensive and most of the drugs that have the potential to treat acute kidney failure are generally hydrophobic, easily degraded, low bioavailability, non-specifically targeting the kidney which causes increased side effects to other organs. Nanotechnology is the solution to this problem. Therefore, this study aims to determine the type and method of synthesis of nanoparticles for the treatment of acute kidney injury and to determine the effect of nanoparticles on the function of the renal biomarkers, namely BUN and creatinine. This research was conducted using a systematic literature review (SLR) method. Based on the results of the literature search, nanoparticles that can be used in the treatment of acute kidney failure include synthetic polymer nanoparticles, metallic liposomes, and carbon dots. Can be synthesized by sonication, hydrothermal, self-assembly, and high pressure application. It can also reduce BUN and creatinine levels.Abstrak. Gagal ginjal akut merupakan kondisi ketika fungsi ginjal mengalami penurunan ditandai dengan menurunnnya kadar filtrasi glomerulus dan meningkatnya produk akhir metabolisme (BUN dan kreatinin). Saat ini, pengobatan gagal ginjal akut masih bersifat suportif, mahal dan sebagian besar obat yang berpotensi dalam terapi gagal ginjal akut umumnya bersifat hidrofobik, mudah terdegradasi, bioavailabilitas rendah, tidak spesifik menargetkan ginjal yang menyebabkan efek samping ke organ lain meningkat. Nanoteknologi menjadi solusi untuk permasalahan tersebut. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis dan metode sintesis nanopartikel untuk terapi gagal ginjal akut serta untuk mengetaui pengaruh nanopartikel terhadap biomarker fungsi ginjal yaitu BUN dan kreatinin. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode systematic literature review (SLR). Berdasarkan hasil penulusuran pustaka, nanopartikel yang dapat digunakan dalam terapi gagal ginjal akut diantaranya yaitu nanopartikel polimer sintetik, metalik liposom, dan carbon dots. Dapat disintesis dengan metode sonikasi, hidrotermal, self-assembly, dan pemberian tekanan tinggi. serta dapat menurunkan kadar BUN dan kreatinin.

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Section: Aunclassified

Pengaplikasian Nanoteknologi dalam Terapi Gagal Ginjal Akut

Putri Aulia Silvana

2023

JRF

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“…In the recent years, there has been a steady and substantial increase of patients suffering from acute kidney injury (AKI), affecting 13.3 million people worldwide with a mortality rate of up to 1.7 million deaths [ 1 , 2 ]. This complex disorder is defined by many pathophysiological distinct conditions, and it is still considered as under-recognized outcome, usually associated with secondary aetilogies like cardiovascular complications or sepsis [ 3 ]. By definition, AKI is characterized by a significant reduction of the renal function and a subsequent increase in serum creatinine levels (SCr ≥ 26.4 μmol/L), associated with short- and/or long-term complications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances of Proteomics in Management of Acute Kidney Injury

Pejchinovski¹,

Türkkan²,

Pejchinovski

2023

Diagnostics

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Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is currently recognized as a life-threatening disease, leading to an exponential increase in morbidity and mortality worldwide. At present, AKI is characterized by a significant increase in serum creatinine (SCr) levels, typically followed by a sudden drop in glomerulus filtration rate (GFR). Changes in urine output are usually associated with the renal inability to excrete urea and other nitrogenous waste products, causing extracellular volume and electrolyte imbalances. Several molecular mechanisms were proposed to be affiliated with AKI development and progression, ultimately involving renal epithelium tubular cell-cycle arrest, inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, the inability to recover and regenerate proximal tubules, and impaired endothelial function. Diagnosis and prognosis using state-of-the-art clinical markers are often late and provide poor outcomes at disease onset. Inappropriate clinical assessment is a strong disease contributor, actively driving progression towards end stage renal disease (ESRD). Proteins, as the main functional and structural unit of the cell, provide the opportunity to monitor the disease on a molecular level. Changes in the proteomic profiles are pivotal for the expression of molecular pathways and disease pathogenesis. Introduction of highly-sensitive and innovative technology enabled the discovery of novel biomarkers for improved risk stratification, better and more cost-effective medical care for the ill patients and advanced personalized medicine. In line with those strategies, this review provides and discusses the latest findings of proteomic-based biomarkers and their prospective clinical application for AKI management.

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