Acute Liver Failure

Sanyal, Arun J.; Stravitz, R. Todd

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-3258-8.50026-7

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 345 publications

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“…Four of our 10 patients developed clinically significant UGI bleeding. GI bleeding is common in patients with acute liver failure, especially in the setting of thrombocytopenia and sepsis (3). While the association between these bleeding episodes and MARS treatment is not clear, special caution should be exercised to correct this adverse effect if necessary.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) is characterised by rapidly progressive multiple organ failure involving hyperdynamic circulation, renal failure, hepatic encephalopathy (HE), coagulopathy and sepsis (1). Globally, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the most prevalent aetiology for fulminant viral hepatitis and is especially common in the Far East (2–4). Despite improvements in critical care, the prognosis of HBV‐related FHF remains grave (4,5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is believed that activation of proinflammatory cytokines, endothelial‐derived factors such as nitric oxide (NO) as well as oxidant stress create a vicious cycle; hence, leading to end organ dysfunction/failure (namely haemodynamics, renal and cerebral, etc.) in the setting of FHF (3). Recently, liver transplantation has significantly improved the prognosis of patients with HBV‐associated FHF (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extracorporal liver support with molecular adsorbents recirculating system in patients with hepatitis B-associated fulminant hepatic failure

et al. 2005

International Journal of Clinical Practice

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the most prevalent cause of fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) in the Far East. HBV-associated FHF is characterised by rapidly progressive end organ dysfunction/failure and a very poor prognosis. To investigate how molecular adsorbent recirculating system (MARS) treatment impacts multiple organ system function in HBV-associated FHF. Ten consecutive patients were treated with MARS in a period of 12 months. Clinical, biochemical and haemodynamic parameters were assessed before and after MARS. Various disease severity scoring systems including model for end-stage liver disease, APACHE II, APACHE III, sequential organ failure assessment and organ system failure scores were also assessed. There were significant improvements in hepatic encephalopathy grading (p < 0.001), mean arterial pressure (p < 0.001), plasma renin activity (p = 0.027), bilirubin (p < 0.001), ammonia (p = 0.001) and creatinine levels (p < 0.001). There were also significant improvements in all the scoring systems evaluated. Meanwhile, platelet count was significantly decreased (p < 0.001). One patient was successfully bridged to liver transplantation. Three patients were alive at 3 months of follow-up. MARS can improve multiple organ functions in HBV-associated FHF. On the basis of these findings, randomised controlled studies are indicated and justified.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extracorporal liver support with molecular adsorbents recirculating system in patients with hepatitis B-associated fulminant hepatic failure

et al. 2005

International Journal of Clinical Practice

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“…54 Studies have also observed that 0.01% of patients taking ATT are at a risk of developing Acute liver failure (ALF) and the contribution of ATT in magnitude of ALF population may be even higher in countries in which tuberculosis as well as hepatitis virus(es) are endemic. 39,55 In the study conducted in nearly 1200 acute liver patients in India, ATT was the cause in 5.6% of cases and three-fourths (76%) of ATT-ALF patients died within 5 days of hospitalization. 56…”

Section: S85mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of adverse drug reaction with first-line drugs among patients treated for pulmonary tuberculosis

Singh

Prasad

Balasubramanian

et al. 2015

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health

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Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs are common and may cause associated morbidity and even mortality if not recognized early. 1-3 The overall prevalence of ADRs with first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs is estimated to vary from 8.0% to 85%. They are observed more commonly in the intensive phase and do not differ with intermittent or daily intake of anti-tuberculosis drugs. The occurrence of ADRs may be influenced by multiple factors and may range from mild gastrointestinal disturbances to serious hepatotoxicity, peripheral neuropathy, cutaneous adverse effects, etc. Early recognition and appropriate management of these adverse effects might determine adherence and treatment success.

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“…[24][25][26][27] While targeting the gut to lower ammonia production by lactulose or antibiotics may be too slow to influence the outcome in ALF, increasing peripheral utilisation of ammonia by ornithine aspartate or sodium benzoate may be useful. Rose et al reported that ornithine aspartate infusion resulted in normalisation of plasma ammonia and a significant decrease in brain water content in rats with ALF.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal bleeding: don't overlook the role of the pancreas

Spiller

2006

Gut

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Acute Liver Failure

Cited by 5 publications

References 345 publications

Extracorporal liver support with molecular adsorbents recirculating system in patients with hepatitis B-associated fulminant hepatic failure

Extracorporal liver support with molecular adsorbents recirculating system in patients with hepatitis B-associated fulminant hepatic failure

Prevalence of adverse drug reaction with first-line drugs among patients treated for pulmonary tuberculosis

Gastrointestinal bleeding: don't overlook the role of the pancreas

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