Acute Lung Injury Is Reduced in <i>fat-1</i> Mice Endogenously Synthesizing n-3 Fatty Acids

Mayer, Konstantin; Kiessling, Almuth; Ott, Juliane; Schaefer, Martina Barbara; Hecker, Matthias; Henneke, Ingrid; Schulz, Richard; Günther, Andreas; Wang, Jingdong; Wu, Lijun; Roth, Joachim; Seeger, Werner; Kang, Jing

doi:10.1164/rccm.200807-1064oc

Cited by 50 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The fat-1 mouse model has been used extensively as an approach to increase tissue n-3 PUFA levels [30,31,[46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53]. In regards to the brain, expression of 4.2% of 25,000 measured genes are altered in the fat-1 mouse [54]; fat-1 mice have increased hippocampal neurogenesis and spatial learning performance [31], and they are protected in the pentylenetetrazol seizure model [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fat-1 Mouse has Brain Docosahexaenoic Acid Levels Achievable Through Fish Oil Feeding

et al. 2010

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Fat-1 transgenic mice endogenously convert n-6 to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). The aims of this study were to test whether a) fish oil feeding can attain similar brain n-3 PUFA levels as the fat-1 mouse, and b) fat-1 mouse brain docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3; DHA) levels can be potentiated by fish oil feeding. Fat-1 mice and their wildtype littermates consumed either a 10% safflower oil (SO) or a 2% fish oil and 8% safflower oil chow (FO). Brain total lipid and phospholipid fraction fatty acids were analyzed using GC-FID. Wildtype mice fed FO chow had similar brain levels of DHA as fat-1 mice fed SO chow. Fat-1 mice fed FO chow had similar brain n-3 PUFA levels as fat-1 mice fed SO chow. In conclusion, brain levels of DHA in the fat-1 mouse can be obtained by and were not further augmented with fish oil feeding.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fat-1 Mouse has Brain Docosahexaenoic Acid Levels Achievable Through Fish Oil Feeding

et al. 2010

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“…Mayer et al [7] examined the effect of n-3 versus n-6 fatty acids in a murine model of ALI comparing transgenic fat-1 to wild-type mice, avoiding possible confounding effects of enteral or parenteral nutrition (exogenous supply of lipids may modulate the inflammatory response via the neuroendocrine axis, the vagus nerve, and acetylcholine receptors on leukocytes).…”

Section: Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

n-3 Fatty Acids and γ-Linolenic Acid Supplementation in the Nutritional Support of Ventilated Patients with Acute Lung Injury or Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Lev¹,

Singer²

2012

World Review of Nutrition and Dietetics

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Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are among the most frequent etiologies for admission to the intensive care unit. These patients are at a high risk of malnutrition due to hypercatabolism caused by inflammation, drugs, and de-conditioning. Nutrition should support minimizing the loss of lean body mass and accurately meet energy demands. Additional use of omega-3 fatty acid, γ-linolenic acid, and antioxidant-enriched diets has been suggested in recent years as a tool to improve outcome in ALI/ARDS patients. More recent findings have taught us that too much of these supplements are detrimental and that the bolus administration may not be as efficient as continuous administration.

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“…For example, a mouse model has been generated, which carries a transgene for the C. elegans -3 fatty acid desaturase enzyme that converts -6 PUFAs to -3 PUFAs in its tissues [65] . Thus, well-controlled experiments that avoid potentially confounding factors inherent in dietary intervention studies have been carried out with these mice to study the role of EPA/DHA in a variety of disorders, including colitis [66] , ocular neovascularization [67] , prostate cancer [68] , and acute lung injury [69] . An important study that has yet to be reported is the phenotype of these mice with respect to CVD traits, which should provide direct evidence for the effects of -3 PUFAs on atherosclerosis in an animal model.…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Implications For Nutrigenetics Of Pufmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease: Implications for Nutrigenetics

Allayee

Roth²,

Hodis³

2009

Lifestyle Genomics

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) arises as a result of genetic predisposition in the context of a disease-promoting environment. While several risk factors have been identified for CVD, such as elevated serum lipid levels and hypertension, most of the genes identified thus far do not appear to involve such ‘conventional’ risk factors. Moreover, the interactions between genes and environment, such as a diet high in certain fats, adds another level of complexity to CVD and renders identification of the underlying genetic factors even more difficult. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as the ω–6 and ω–3 fatty acids, which have multiple roles in membrane structure, lipid metabolism, blood clotting, blood pressure, and, in particular, inflammation, have been linked to the reduction in CVD. Linoleic (ω–6) and α-linolenic acid (ω–3) are essential fatty acids that can be converted into long-chain PUFAs, such as arachidonic acid (AA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)/docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), respectively. These long-chain PUFAs are metabolized by enzymatically catalyzed systems via cyclooxygenases and lipoxygenases. The 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO)/leukotriene (LT) biosynthesis pathway has been biochemically and genetically associated with CVD traits in mice and humans, particularly in the context of dietary AA and EPA/DHA. In this review, we summarize the biochemical metabolism of ω–3 and ω–6 PUFAs, evaluate the evidence for genetic and nutrigenetic contributions of 5-LO pathway genes to CVD, and discuss the potential of future studies that could identify other gene-dietary interactions between PUFAs and CVD traits.

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Acute Lung Injury Is Reduced in fat-1 Mice Endogenously Synthesizing n-3 Fatty Acids

Abstract: fat-1 Mice exhibited reduced features of ALI and sickness behavior. Increasing the availability of n-3 FA may thus be beneficial in critically ill patients with ALI.

Cited by 50 publications

References 63 publications

The Fat-1 Mouse has Brain Docosahexaenoic Acid Levels Achievable Through Fish Oil Feeding

The Fat-1 Mouse has Brain Docosahexaenoic Acid Levels Achievable Through Fish Oil Feeding

n-3 Fatty Acids and γ-Linolenic Acid Supplementation in the Nutritional Support of Ventilated Patients with Acute Lung Injury or Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease: Implications for Nutrigenetics

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