Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia: A Case Report of Long-term Disease-free Survival in a Resource Limited Setting

Abstract

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL) a malignant proliferation of immature lymphoid cells is a biologically heterogeneous disorder with variable outcomes in adults. We present a case report of a 54-year-old woman who presented with fever, anaemia and peripheral lymphadenopathy of four weeks duration, and was managed for disseminated tuberculosis initially. Full blood count and bone marrow aspiration cytology constituted part of her initial investigations and were found to be in keeping with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL-L3). Patient had supportive treatment and managed with Cyclophosphamide, Vincristine (Oncovin), Cytosine Arabinoside and Prednisolone (COAP Regimen), achieved complete clinical and haematologic remission, and has remained disease free after consolidation and maintenance therapy. No evidence of haematologic or clinical relapse at five years and currently in her ninth-year post diagnosis and treatment. With high index of suspicion, timely investigation and referral, satisfactory outcomes are achievable in managing some patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

Prevalence and Nature of Adult Hematological Malignancies Using Bone Marrow Aspiration Cytology in a Tertiary Health Facility: A Seven Year Retrospective Review

“…Gum bleed following the use of toothbrush might often be the first presenting sign of a leukaemia. Other features may be evidence of infection 7,11,12 such as skin and mucosal boils or abscesses. Treatment of haematologic malignancies has witnessed one of the greatest advances in modern science.…”

“…Treatment of haematologic malignancies has witnessed one of the greatest advances in modern science. Recent advances in molecular targeted therapy has revolutionized blood cancer treatment with greatly improved Life expectancy for most haematologic 7,13 malignancies. The use of monoclonal antibodies such as anti CD20 in B-lymphoid neoplasms, tyrosine kinase inhibitor Glivec (imatinib) and their newer generations, the availability of Cold centrifuge and apheresis machines for component transfusion and the improved modern blood transfusion services have all significantly changed the outlook, extend life expectancy, and improved survival and the overall 7,14,15 quality of lives of patients with HMs.…”