Acute mammary and liver transcriptome responses after an intramammary<i>Escherichia coli</i>lipopolysaccharide challenge in postpartal dairy cows

Minuti, Andrea; Zhou, Zheng; Graugnard, Daniel E.; Rodriguez-Zas, Sandra L.; Palladino, Alejandro; Cardoso, F.C.; Trevisi, Erminio; Loor, Juan J.

doi:10.14814/phy2.12388

Cited by 32 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Interestingly, all of the disease categories associated with the miRNAs identified in this study included liver diseases (hepatocellular carcinoma in the cancer category, HEV in the infection category, and hepatitis B in the immune category). Gene expression profiling of liver tissues from dairy cows treated with intramammary Escherichia coli or lipopolysaccharide confirmed that the liver plays a major role in the acute‐phase response in E. coli ‐induced mastitis and that hepatic failure can be caused by mastitis or metritis , suggesting potential crosstalk between the liver and the mastitic mammary gland. HEV is the causative agent of hepatitis E, and anti‐HEV antibodies can be detected in humans and domestic and wild animals .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Bovine milk transcriptome analysis reveals microRNAs and RNU2 involved in mastitis

Lai

Lai²,

Rahman

et al. 2019

The FEBS Journal

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Mastitis is a common inflammatory infectious disease in dairy cows. To understand the microRNA (miRNA) expression profile changes during bovine mastitis, we undertook a genome-wide miRNA study of normal milk and milk that tested positive on the California mastitis test for bovine mastitis (CMT+). Twenty-five miRNAs were differentially expressed (23 miRNAs upregulated and two downregulated) during bovine mastitis relative to their expression in normal milk. Upregulated mature miR-1246 probably derived from a U2 small nuclear RNA rather than an miR-1246 precursor. The significantly upregulated miRNA precursors and RNU2 were significantly enriched on bovine chromosome 19, which is homologous to human chromosome 17. A gene ontology analysis of the putative mRNA targets of the significantly upregulated miRNAs showed that these miRNAs were involved in binding target mRNA transcripts and regulating target gene expression, and a Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis showed that the upregulated miRNAs were predominantly related to cancer and immune system pathways. Three novel miRNAs were associated with bovine mastitis and were relatively highly expressed in milk. We confirmed that one of the novel mastitis-related miRNAs was significantly upregulated using a digital PCR system. The differentially expressed miR-NAs were involved in human cancers, infections, and immune-related diseases. The genome-wide analysis of miRNA profiles in this study provides insight into bovine mastitis and inflammatory diseases. DatabasesThe miRNAseq generated for this study can be found in the Sequence Read Archive (SRA) under BioProject Number PRJNA421075 and SRA Study Number SRP126134 (https://www. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/PRJNA421075).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Bovine milk transcriptome analysis reveals microRNAs and RNU2 involved in mastitis

Lai

Lai²,

Rahman

et al. 2019

The FEBS Journal

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“…To our best knowledge this is the first study to report that SCM was preceded by elevation of TNF concentrations starting at -4 weeks before the expected day of parturition, suggesting that TNF might be used as early screening biomarker of disease state in transition dairy cows. It has been previously reported that E. coli or LPS-induced mastitis induced a quick and strong transcriptome response in liver, causing up- regulation of acute phase proteins genes [ 39 , 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innate immunity and carbohydrate metabolism alterations precede occurrence of subclinical mastitis in transition dairy cows

et al. 2015

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BackgroundThis study examined whether activation of innate immunity and alterations of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism precede development of subclinical mastitis (SCM).MethodsBlood samples were collected from the coccygeal vein from 100 Holstein dairy cows at -8, -4, disease diagnosis week, and +4 weeks postpartum. Six healthy cows (controls – CON) and six cows that showed clinical signs of SCM were selected for serum analyses. All serum samples were analyzed for acute phase proteins (APP) haptoglobin (Hp) and serum amyloid A (SAA); proinflammatory cytokines including interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and serum lactate, BHBA, and NEFA concentration. Data of DMI, milk production, and milk composition were recorded and analyzed.ResultsThe results showed that cows with SCM had greater concentrations of SAA, TNF (P < 0.01), and lactate before expected day of parturition (P < 0.05) compared to CON cows. Cows with SCM showed greater concentrations of lactate starting at -8 weeks (P < 0.05) and TNF starting at -4 weeks prior to the expected day of parturition (P < 0.01). Interestingly, at -4 weeks, concentrations of IL-1 and Hp were lower in cows with SCM compared to healthy cows (P < 0.01) followed by an increase during the week of disease diagnosis (P < 0.05). Subclinical mastitis was associated with lower DMI, at -4 weeks before calving, milk production (P < 0.05) and increased somatic cell counts (SCC) (P < 0.01).ConclusionsResults of this study suggest that SCM is preceded by activated innate immunity and altered carbohydrate metabolism in transition dairy cows. Moreover the results support the idea that Hp, lactate, and SAA, at -8 weeks, and TNF and IL-1 at -4 weeks can be used as early indicators to screen cows during dry off for disease state.

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“…Subclinical mastitis, defined as an elevated SCC without clinical signs, was associated with increased levels of haptoglobin in plasma (Safi et al, 2009). Occurrence of clinical mastitis was associated with increased haptoglobin levels (Pyörälä, 2003) and bilirubin levels (Minuti et al, 2015) and decreased paraoxonase levels (Turk et al, 2012). As earlier reported, in the current experiment, omitting the dry period increased SCC in milk in the subsequent lactation but did not affect the occurrence of CM compared with cows with a 30-d or a 60-d dry period .…”

Section: Effect Of Somatic Cell Count On Inflammatory Biomarkers and supporting

confidence: 75%

“…Clinical mastitis was associated with decreased IgG binding LPS titers in plasma (Chapter 4), increased ceruloplasmin and ROM levels in plasma, but not related to other health variables (Table 7.2). Earlier, clinical mastitis has been associated with decreased IgM binding KLH titers in plasma , increased plasma haptoglobin levels (Pyörälä, 2003), increased bilirubin levels (Minuti et al, 2015) and decreased plasma paraoxonase levels (Turk et al, 2012). It was suggested that the level of NAb in plasma or milk may be an additional variable to select for clinical mastitis resistance in dairy cows .…”

Section: Effect Of Mammary Health On Health Variables On Dairy Cowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequences of dry period length and dietary energy source on physiological health variables in dairy cows and calves

Mayasari¹

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During the transition period, dairy cows experience a negative energy balance (NEB) caused by the high energy requirement for milk yield, while feed intake is limited. Severity of the NEB has been associated with an increased incidence of metabolic disorders and infectious diseases, inflammation, immunosuppression and oxidative stress. It is known that shortening or omitting the dry period or feeding a glucogenic ration improves the energy balance (EB) in dairy cows in early lactation. It can be expected that an improvement of the EB due to shortening or omitting the dry period results in reduced inflammation, immunosuppression and less oxidative stress in dairy cows in early lactation. The first objective of this thesis was to study the effects of dry period length and dietary energy source on immune competence, inflammatory biomarkers and oxidative stress in dairy cows over 2 subsequent lactations. The second objective was to study the consequences of maternal dry period length on colostrum immunoglobulin content and immune competence of calves in the first 12 weeks of life. In the current study, 167 cows were assigned to 3 dry period lengths (0, 30, or 60 d) and 2 early lactation rations (glucogenic or lipogenic). Cows were planned to have the same dry period length and ration over 2 subsequent lactations. Omitting the dry period reduced plasma bilirubin levels compared with a conventional dry period, which is line with the better EB in cows with a 0-d dry period. Effects of dry period length on inflammatory biomarkers, oxidative stress variables and natural antibodies (NAb) titers were, however, less consistent. Omitting the dry period increased not only negative acute phase proteins (APP) in plasma, but also positive APP, oxidative stress variables in plasma, and NAb in milk. Shortening the dry period to 30-d did not influence inflammatory biomarkers and oxidative stress compared with a conventional dry period of 60-d. Occurrence of clinical health problems did not differ between cows with different dry period lengths. In the current study, changes in positive APP and oxidative stress variables in plasma and NAb in milk could be explained by the occurrence of clinical health problems related to inflammation (clinical mastitis, fever, metritis and retained placenta), rather than a better EB due to a shorter or no dry period. Moreover, a higher titer of IgG binding lipopolysaccharide in plasma was associated with decreased odds of high somatic cell count and occurrence of clinical mastitis. In the first lactation after implementation of dry period length and dietary treatments, feeding a glucogenic ration in early lactation increased NAb titers in milk compared with a lipogenic ration, which could be explained partly by a better EB. In the second lactation after implementation of dry period length and dietary treatments, feeding a lipogenic ration in early lactation increased cholesterol levels in plasma compared with a glucogenic ration, which could be related to the high fat content in this ration. Cows with...

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Acute mammary and liver transcriptome responses after an intramammaryEscherichia colilipopolysaccharide challenge in postpartal dairy cows

Cited by 32 publications

References 51 publications

Bovine milk transcriptome analysis reveals microRNAs and RNU2 involved in mastitis

Bovine milk transcriptome analysis reveals microRNAs and RNU2 involved in mastitis

Innate immunity and carbohydrate metabolism alterations precede occurrence of subclinical mastitis in transition dairy cows

Consequences of dry period length and dietary energy source on physiological health variables in dairy cows and calves

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