Acute Measles Encephalitis in an Immigrant Syrian Child: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Alqayoudhi, Abdullah; Al-Kindi, Hanan; Meki, Nabil; Al-Maani, Amal

doi:10.5001/omj.2016.29

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Measles has no specific treatment. Infected individuals usually recover from the illness within 14 to 21 days (Al-Qayoudhi et al, 2016). Children with malnutrition and immunocompromised conditions are most likely to suffer severe complications from measles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of Imported Measles Outbreak (Clusters) in Al-Buraimi Governorate during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Series Study

Al-Marbouai¹,

Ullah²,

Al-Buloshi³

et al. 2022

GJHS

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During the first wave of pandemic in 2020, the initial prodromal symptoms of COVID-19 were similar to vaccine preventable diseases like Measles apart from typical rash and probability of missing such cases during COVID-19 will lead to local spread of cases. The most significant risk lies in children below five years, especially unvaccinated expatriate children who contribute to imported cases of measles from highly endemic countries. After initial confirmation of 3 cases in April 2020, this outbreak was epidemiologically investigated in Al Buraimi Governorate, Oman, which included data on clinical symptoms, exposure information, travel history, immunization, and history of contact with others. Among the positive cases, 75% were girls; 6 were Afghani nationals and 2 were Pakistani nationals. However, most cases were reported between Afghani nationals 6 (75%) due to their low vaccination status. Genotyping B3 was isolated, and the virus traced back to Pakistan as the country of origin. In 2019, the Regional Verification Commission for Measles and Rubella (RVC), has declared Oman as a measles and rubella-free nation. The rationale of this study is to have a clear understanding of the events that led to the importation of genotype B3 measles outbreak in Al Buraimi Governorate, Oman, during initial phase of first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in April 2020 which highlighted the existence of vigilant surveillance system of the country. The field investigation was done to confirm an outbreak and to prevent transmission by isolating the cases and vaccinating the unvaccinated children and lastly to make critical recommendations that should be applied to prevent similar outbreaks in the future.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Children with malnutrition and immunocompromised conditions are most likely to suffer severe complications from measles. These complications may include blindness, encephalitis, croup, severe diarrhea, ear infection, and pneumonia (Al-Qayoudhi et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Imported Measles Outbreak (Clusters) in Al-Buraimi Governorate during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Series Study

Al-Marbouai¹,

Ullah²,

Al-Buloshi³

et al. 2022

GJHS

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Profile of Cytokines and T Cell Subsets Transcription Factors in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Viral Encephalitis

Tebibi,

Ben Laamari,

Saied

et al. 2024

Viral Immunology

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Peculiarities of the Clinical Course of Postmeasles Encephalitis in Immunosupressed People

Nehrych¹,

Shorobura²,

Hritsyna³

et al. 2021

PSSS MS

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Primary acute measles encephalitis and acute postmeasles encephalitis are the most common neurological complications of measles. It is important to detect encephalitis, which develops a month or more after the manifestations of measles infection. These encephalitis are rare and occur mainly in people with immunodefi ciency. Multiple sclerosis is a chronic disease of the central nervous system for the treatment of which diseasemodifying therapy is used, namely monoclonal antibodies, that can lead to immunosuppression and immunodefi ciency. Nowadays, there is insuffi cient information about the course of postcortical encephalitis in patients with multiple sclerosis who are taking immunosuppressive drugs. The article presents data on the clinical classifi cation, diagnosis and treatment of measles encephalitis. A clinical case of measles inclusion body encephalitis in a thirty-threeyear-old patient with multiple sclerosis on the background of annual intake of monoclonal antibodies is presented. She also had viral-bacterial pneumonia and developed disseminated intravascular coagulation in the brain and lungs. These complications of measles infection led to the death of the person after a month and a half of intensive care. Thus, patients with multiple sclerosis who are taking drugs with immunosuppressive eff ects are among the risk group for measles inclusion body encephalitis. Measles inclusion body encephalitis in such patients can be severe, which complicates timely diagnosis, proper treatment and leads to death.

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Acute Measles Encephalitis in an Immigrant Syrian Child: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Detection of Imported Measles Outbreak (Clusters) in Al-Buraimi Governorate during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Series Study

Detection of Imported Measles Outbreak (Clusters) in Al-Buraimi Governorate during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Series Study

Profile of Cytokines and T Cell Subsets Transcription Factors in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Viral Encephalitis

Peculiarities of the Clinical Course of Postmeasles Encephalitis in Immunosupressed People

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