Acute mediastinitis associated with tracheobronchial tuberculosis and aspergillosis: a case report and literature review

Liang, Caihong; Zhao, Hongwen; Kang, Jian; Hou, Gang; Yin, Yan

doi:10.1177/0300060520918469

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The WHO initially recommended this technology in early 2011 [67]; the organization is monitoring the global rollout of this method to promote coordination [107]. In the past 3 years, one systematic and four literature reviews of the performance of GeneXpert MTB/RIF for the diagnosis of TB in several settings have been published [108–112]. Because comprehensive reviews on the diagnostic accuracy of the GeneXpert MTB/RIF system were published in 2013 [113], 2014 [114] and 2019 [103], we have not focused on this topic here.…”

Section: Detection Of M Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting the methods for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis: what has the new millennium brought thus far?

Campelo

Sousa

Nogueira

et al. 2021

Access Microbiology

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Tuberculosis (TB) affects around 10 million people worldwide in 2019. Approximately 3.4 % of new TB cases are multidrug-resistant. The gold standard method for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis , which is the aetiological agent of TB, is still based on microbiological culture procedures, followed by species identification and drug sensitivity testing. Sputum is the most commonly obtained clinical specimen from patients with pulmonary TB. Although smear microscopy is a low-cost and widely used method, its sensitivity is 50–60 %. Thus, owing to the need to improve the performance of current microbiological tests to provide prompt treatment, different methods with varied sensitivity and specificity for TB diagnosis have been developed. Here we discuss the existing methods developed over the past 20 years, including their strengths and weaknesses. In-house and commercial methods have been shown to be promising to achieve rapid diagnosis. Combining methods for mycobacterial detection systems demonstrates a correlation of 100 %. Other assays are useful for the simultaneous detection of M. tuberculosis species and drug-related mutations. Novel approaches have also been employed to rapidly identify and quantify total mycobacteria RNA, including assessments of global gene expression measured in whole blood to identify the risk of TB. Spoligotyping, mass spectrometry and next-generation sequencing are also promising technologies; however, their cost needs to be reduced so that low- and middle-income countries can access them. Because of the large impact of M. tuberculosis infection on public health, the development of new methods in the context of well-designed and -controlled clinical trials might contribute to the improvement of TB infection control.

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Section: Detection Of M Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting the methods for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis: what has the new millennium brought thus far?

Campelo

Sousa

Nogueira

et al. 2021

Access Microbiology

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show abstract

“…Liang C. N. et al [2] observed a patient, who had acute mediastinitis on the background of the simultaneous detection of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (Rif TB), endobronchial tuberculosis and pseudomembranous aspergillosis tracheobronchitis. However, despite the performed complex treatment, the patient died of massive hemoptysis on the 10 th day after hospitalization.…”

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confidence: 99%

Features of the simultaneous course of pulmonary aspergillosis and tuberculosis on the background of type 1 diabetes mellitus (clinical case)

Raznatovska

Mironchuk²,

Shalmin

et al. 2022

Patologìâ

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Aim. To analyze the features of the simultaneous course of pulmonary aspergillosis and multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDR-TB) on the background of type 1 diabetes mellitus, on the example of a clinical case of our practice. Materials and methods. Clinical case of our practice of simultaneous pulmonary aspergillosis and MDR-TB on the background of type 1 diabetes mellitus in a patient, who was treated in Pulmonary tuberculosis department No. 2 of clinical base of Phthisiatry and Pulmonology Department of Zaporizhzhia State Medical University at Communal Non-Commercial Enterprise of the “Zaporizhzhia Regional Clinical and Diagnostic Center of Phthisiatry and Pulmonology” of Zaporizhzhia Regional Council. Results. In the presented clinical case, the patient had been suffering from diabetes mellitus for 8 years and had been receiving insulin therapy for all these years. One year before the TB disease, he had contact with an index patient, but he categorically refused a course of preventive chemotherapy. Also, the patient did not make a comparison X-ray TCO after 6 months, as a contact person. MDR-TB and aspergilloma of the left lung of the patient were diagnosed simultaneously on the background of severe condition with decompensated form of type 1 diabetes mellitus, severe intoxication syndrome and inflammatory process, massive hemoptysis. Aspergilloma of the left lung was diagnosed using X-ray TCO and cultural examination of bronchial aspirate for Aspergillus, which was not difficult to diagnose. Diagnosis of MDR-TB was also not difficult, because the patient had MBT, which contributed to the timely and correct appointment of antimycobacterial therapy. Surgery for aspergilloma of the left lung was contraindicated, as the type 1 diabetes was in decompensation. Persistent hyperglycemia remained, despite the fact of antifungal therapy and constant correction of insulin therapy prescribed for the patient. Endocarditis quickly developed in the patient, which was the reason of patient’s death. Conclusions. The decompensated form of type 1 diabetes mellitus caused persistent hyperglycemia, which was the reason of immune disorders and this made the patient’s body susceptible to bacterial (MDR-TB) and fungal (aspergillosis) infections, which led to the development of the complication of endocarditis and death. A big mistake in his case, was a categorical refusal by the patient to receive a course of preventive chemotherapy, as a contact person with an index patient. In view of this, in the presence of type 1 diabetes, the patient should have not neglected it. And as a result, the patient had a MDR-TB, one year after. At the same time, the patient did not make a comparison X-ray TCO, after 6 months, as a contact person, which was a possible reason for the missing of early diagnosis of pulmonary aspergilloma. That’s why, a correct treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus and timely preventive radiological examination of the thoracic cavity organs are especially important, as the diabetes mellitus is the most common premorbid background for TB and aspergillosis.

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Prognostic analysis of destroyed-lung patients with preoperative massive hemoptysis: a 20-year retrospective study

Zhao,

Cao,

et al. 2024

BMC Pulm Med

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Acute mediastinitis associated with tracheobronchial tuberculosis and aspergillosis: a case report and literature review

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Revisiting the methods for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis: what has the new millennium brought thus far?

Revisiting the methods for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis: what has the new millennium brought thus far?

Features of the simultaneous course of pulmonary aspergillosis and tuberculosis on the background of type 1 diabetes mellitus (clinical case)

Prognostic analysis of destroyed-lung patients with preoperative massive hemoptysis: a 20-year retrospective study

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