Acute Mountain Sickness

Singh, Inderjeet; Khanna, P. K.; Srivastava, M. C.; Lal, Madan; Roy, Shane; Subramanyam, Chaitra

doi:10.1056/nejm196901232800402

Cited by 374 publications

(192 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…SaO 2 and PaO 2 are usually considerably lower than in AMS, even without signs of pulmonary oedema, which will eventually develop when HACE worsens [17]. Laboratory investigations show increased lumbar cerebrospinal fluid pressure [18]. Brain MRI performed at low altitude immediately after rescue by helicopter showed oedema in the corpus callosum [19].…”

Section: Ams and Hacementioning

confidence: 99%

Acute high-altitude sickness

2017

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At any point 1-5 days following ascent to altitudes ⩾2500 m, individuals are at risk of developing one of three forms of acute altitude illness: acute mountain sickness, a syndrome of nonspecific symptoms including headache, lassitude, dizziness and nausea; high-altitude cerebral oedema, a potentially fatal illness characterised by ataxia, decreased consciousness and characteristic changes on magnetic resonance imaging; and high-altitude pulmonary oedema, a noncardiogenic form of pulmonary oedema resulting from excessive hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction which can be fatal if not recognised and treated promptly. This review provides detailed information about each of these important clinical entities. After reviewing the clinical features, epidemiology and current understanding of the pathophysiology of each disorder, we describe the current pharmacological and nonpharmacological approaches to the prevention and treatment of these diseases.

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Section: Ams and Hacementioning

confidence: 99%

Acute high-altitude sickness

2017

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“…4 HAR was first described in 1969 as engorgement of retinal veins with occasional papilloedema and vitreous haemorrhage. 5 Recent studies on relatively large groups of subjects in Nepal, Bolivia and Tibet have confirmed that the retinal vasculature becomes engorged and tortuous in all lowlanders ascending above 2500 m. This sometimes this leads to hemorrhages, cotton wool spots and papilloedema, a pathological state known as HAR 6 occurring most probably due to the result of systemic hypoxic effects on the eye. 7 It is assumed that the hypoxia at high altitude causes increased retinal blood flow and blood volume possibly via autoregulatory mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilateral cystoid macular oedema due to high altitude exposure: An unusual clinical presentation

Mishra¹,

Luthra²,

Baranwal

et al. 2013

Medical Journal Armed Forces India

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“…is a pathological retinal response to hypoxia. 23 Fundoscopic features of this entity include retinal hemorrhages, retinal vessel tortuosity and dilation, optic disk swelling, anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, cotton wool spots, subhyaloid hemorrhage, vitreous hemorrhage, and even rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] Retinal vascular accidents related to HAR that included central retinal and branch retinal vein occlusion have been reported.…”

Section: Management Strategy Of High-altitude Ocular Dysmotilitymentioning

confidence: 99%