Acute mucosal radiation reactions in patients with head and neck cancer

Wygoda, A.; Składowski, Krzysztof; Rutkowski, T.; Hutnik, M.; Goleń, M.; Pilecki, B.; Przeorek, W.; Lukaszczyk-Wideł, B.

doi:10.1007/s00066-012-0146-8

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Edema in the oral mucosa is an acute effect of oncological therapy in the head and neck, without necessarily inducing pain or affecting the patient's functionality [19]. Oral mucosa edema is described as part of the early manifestations of the adverse effects of chemotherapy and can be reversible, not necessarily progressing to oral mucositis [3,20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral changes in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and their risk factors: a cohort study

Pereira,

Potter,

Lima

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Purpose to investigate the occurrence, time of onset, and associated factors of oral alterations in hemato-oncologic patients throughout their hospitalization for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).Methods This longitudinal cohort study involved 30 patients receiving care at a bone marrow transplantation service in a Brazilian hospital. Data about oral physical examination, diagnosis of hematological disorder, transplant type, comorbidities, chemotherapy protocols, and oral risk factors were collected. Survival analysis was performed to estimate the onset time of oral alterations and investigate possible associations with risk factors. The significance level adopted was 5%.Results Most patients were male (57.7%), with a median age of 35 years, 93.3% developed oral alterations, and 53.3% presented local risk factors. Leukemias and multiple myeloma were the most common hematologic disorders (23.3%). FluBuMel was the most frequent conditioning protocol (46.7%). Buccal mucosa edema (83.3%) was the most common oral alteration, followed by oral mucositis (80%; grade 1: 54.2%). The mean follow-up time was 23 days, with the probability of the patient being free of oral alterations decreasing as time progressed. Mel200 protocol (HR 2.89; IC 0.04–1.02; p = 0.020), and autologous transplant (HR 3.41; CI 1.28–9.07; p = 0.004) were associated with an earlier occurrence of oral alterations, while allogenic related transplant was a protective factor (HR 0.48; CI 0.22–1.07; p = 0.040).Conclusion results indicate that the time of onset of oral alterations is affected by transplant type and conditioning protocol and suggest that the severity of the alterations is positively affected by the presence of dentists in the HSCT team.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral changes in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and their risk factors: a cohort study

Pereira,

Potter,

Lima

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Ionising rays act mainly on cells with a short mitotic time, i.e. stem and transient ones, leading to epitheliolysis, thus causing an imbalance in their renewal, which results in a rapid and progressive loss of all epithelial strata [18]. Symptoms of acute radiation mucosal reaction in patients irradiated due to a tumour located in the area of the head or neck may appear several days after the start of treatment.…”

Section: Side Effects Of Radiation Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Symptoms of acute radiation mucosal reaction in patients irradiated due to a tumour located in the area of the head or neck may appear several days after the start of treatment. Acute radiation mucosal reaction consists in four phases: inflammatory (erythema), epithelial (epitheliolysis), ulcerative-bacterial, and healing [18,19]. The inflammatory phase is characterised by congestion of the mucous membrane and damage to vascular endothelial cells, which in the further course transforms into the epithelial phase by intensifying the destruction of epithelial cells filled by inflammatory exudation.…”

Section: Side Effects Of Radiation Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional intervention during radiotherapy of head and neck cancers

Solecka¹,

Głuszek²

2018

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Radiotherapy is one of the main forms of treatment for head and neck cancer. This procedure is associated with high toxicity in the irradiated area resulting in patients' numerous complaints about: inflammation of oral mucous membranes, difficulties with food chewing and swallowing, dry mouth, or impaired taste and smell. Some of these pathologies are temporary and go away at a specific time after treatment, but some of the damage is permanent and irreversible. Complications at the level of the upper gastrointestinal tract cause considerable difficulties in food intake; therefore, intensive dietary counselling is recommended along with nutritional intervention in this group of patients. Adopted and recommended methods of nutritional support during radiotherapy include: modification of the basic diet in terms of consistency, oral nutritional supplements, enteral nutrition with the use of probes, and nutrient gastrostomy. Streszczenie Radioterapia jest jedną z głównych metod leczenia nowotworów głowy i szyi. Ta forma leczenia wiąże się z wysoką toksycznością w obszarze napromienianym, czego skutkiem są liczne dolegliwości, takie jak zapalenie błon śluzowych jamy ustnej, trudności z przeżuwaniem i połykaniem pokarmu, suchość w jamie ustnej, zaburzenia odczuwania smaku i zapachu. Część z tych patologii ma charakter przejściowy i ustępuje w określonym czasie po zakończeniu leczenia, jednak część uszkodzeń ma charakter trwały i nieodwracalny. Powikłania na poziomie górnego odcinka przewodu pokarmowego powodują znaczne trudności w przyjmowaniu pokarmów, w związku z czym zaleca się prowadzenie intensywnego poradnictwa dietetycznego i interwencje żywieniowe w tej grupie chorych. Do uznanych i zalecanych metod wsparcia żywieniowego podczas radioterapii należą: modyfikacja diety podstawowej pod względem konsystencji, doustne suplementy odżywcze, żywienie dojelitowe z wykorzystaniem sond i gastrostomii odżywczych.

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“…Any treatment of the oral cavity, while the radiotherapy is already in progress, is of a symptomatic character only and applies in particular to ailments associated with mucositis, candidiasis, xerostomia, and opportunistic bacterial and viral infections. Due to these conditions and weight loss during radiotherapy, the patients remain on a soft food diet rich in carbohydrates, thereby further aiding the development of caries [ 6 , 13 ]. It is for this very reason that oral hygiene instructions combined with a preventive fluoride regimen are vital, and so is the dietary advice for the patients.…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During and after the radiotherapy some clinical symptoms may occur as an acute response to treatment. In the case of head and neck cancer radiotherapy, the most severe symptoms are those related to the acute mucosal reaction [ 13 ]. Radiation caries is not a primary effect of radiotherapy, but develops as a secondary condition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation-induced caries as the late effect of radiation therapy in the head and neck region

Dobroś¹,

Hajto‐Bryk²,

Wróblewska³

et al. 2016

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Overall improvement in the nationwide system of medical services has consequently boosted the number of successfully treated patients who suffer from head and neck cancer. It is essential to effectively prevent development of radiation-induced caries as the late effect of radiation therapy. Incidence and severity of radiationinduced changes within the teeth individually vary depending on the patient's age, actual radiation dose, size of radiation exposure field, patient's general condition and additional risk factors. Inadequately managed treatment of caries may lead to loss of teeth, as well as prove instrumental in tangibly diminishing individual quality of life in patients. Furthermore, the need to have the teeth deemed unyielding or unsuitable for the application of conservative methods of treatment duly extracted is fraught for a patient with an extra hazard of developing osteoradionecrosis (ORN), while also increasing all attendant therapeutic expenditures. The present paper aims to offer some practical insights into currently available methods of preventing likely development of radiation-induced caries.

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Acute mucosal radiation reactions in patients with head and neck cancer

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

Oral changes in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and their risk factors: a cohort study

Oral changes in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and their risk factors: a cohort study

Nutritional intervention during radiotherapy of head and neck cancers

Radiation-induced caries as the late effect of radiation therapy in the head and neck region

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