Acute myocardial infarction in COVID-19 patients. 
A review of cases in the literature

Kumar, Nomesh; Verma, Renuka; Lohana, Petras; Lohana, Arti; Ramphul, Kamleshun

doi:10.5114/amsad.2021.109287

Cited by 15 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Systemic viral infections may generate plaque rupture and thrombosis [4,5]. Notably, patients with COVID-19 and ACS have rarely been described in reports [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The GRACE risk score in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and concomitant COVID-19

Wójcik¹,

Karpiak²,

Zaręba³

et al. 2022

Arch Med Sci Atheroscler Dis

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IntroductionAcute coronary syndrome represents a major cause of mortality throughout the world. To date, there are only a few reports of ST-segment elevation type 1 myocardial infarction in patients with COVID-19. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and angiographic characteristics alongside the prediction of in-hospital mortality using the GRACE risk score in this group.Material and methodsThis was a single-center, retrospective study of consecutive patients admitted to a multi-specialist hospital with confirmed ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Demographic, clinical and angiographic characteristics were compared between survivors and non-survivors.ResultsTwenty-five patients, of whom 23 (92%) were men, with confirmed STEMI and COVID-19, with a median age of 70 years and high comorbidity burden, were included in this study. They were treated with percutaneous coronary intervention and 12 (48%) of them died. Non-survivors had elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) (p = 0.026) and D-dimer (p = 0.042) and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (30 ±9 vs. 41 ±7; p = 0.003). Postprocedural TIMI 3 flow grade was less frequently observed in this group (p = 0.039). There was a higher GRACE score in the non-survivor group (mean ± SD; 210 ±35 vs. 169 ±42, p = 0.014). In ROC analysis, GRACE score predicted in-hospital death with an AUC of 0.788 (95% CI: 0.6–0.98, p = 0.014). A score of 176 was identified as the optimal cut-off with a sensitivity of 92% and specificity of 69%.ConclusionsThe GRACE risk score is a good predictor of in-hospital mortality in patients presenting with STEMI with concomitant COVID-19.

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“…Systemic viral infections may generate plaque rupture and thrombosis [4,5]. Notably, patients with COVID-19 and ACS have rarely been described in reports [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The GRACE risk score in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and concomitant COVID-19

Wójcik¹,

Karpiak²,

Zaręba³

et al. 2022

Arch Med Sci Atheroscler Dis

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“…To this end, first of all, using the PubMed database [ 69 ], we characterized each of the 42 hippocampal DEGs (of tame versus aggressive rats) identified in this work ( Table 2 ), in terms of how downregulation or upregulation of their orthologous human genes can manifest itself in hypertension, as presented [ 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 , 107 , 108 , 109 , 110 , 111 , 112 , 113 , 114 , 115 , 116 , 117 , 118 , 119 , 120 , 121 , 122 , 123 , 124 , 125 , 126 , 127 , 128 ,…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress Reactivity, Susceptibility to Hypertension, and Differential Expression of Genes in Hypertensive Compared to Normotensive Patients

Oshchepkov

Chadaeva

Kozhemyakina

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Although half of hypertensive patients have hypertensive parents, known hypertension-related human loci identified by genome-wide analysis explain only 3% of hypertension heredity. Therefore, mainstream transcriptome profiling of hypertensive subjects addresses differentially expressed genes (DEGs) specific to gender, age, and comorbidities in accordance with predictive preventive personalized participatory medicine treating patients according to their symptoms, individual lifestyle, and genetic background. Within this mainstream paradigm, here, we determined whether, among the known hypertension-related DEGs that we could find, there is any genome-wide hypertension theranostic molecular marker applicable to everyone, everywhere, anytime. Therefore, we sequenced the hippocampal transcriptome of tame and aggressive rats, corresponding to low and high stress reactivity, an increase of which raises hypertensive risk; we identified stress-reactivity-related rat DEGs and compared them with their known homologous hypertension-related animal DEGs. This yielded significant correlations between stress reactivity-related and hypertension-related fold changes (log2 values) of these DEG homologs. We found principal components, PC1 and PC2, corresponding to a half-difference and half-sum of these log2 values. Using the DEGs of hypertensive versus normotensive patients (as the control), we verified the correlations and principal components. This analysis highlighted downregulation of β-protocadherins and hemoglobin as whole-genome hypertension theranostic molecular markers associated with a wide vascular inner diameter and low blood viscosity, respectively.

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“…The association described between COVID-19 and STEMI was published in multiple case reports, including most patients with different comorbidities such as diabetes and hypertension, who also had a mean age of 58.3 years, and usually presented with severe clinical symptoms of COVID-19 [ 4 ]. A case series reported by Bangalore et al identified 18 patients with COVID-19-related STEMI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction With Occluded Culprit Coronary Artery in a Young Patient Recovered From Mild COVID-19: A Case Report

Moreno¹,

Ramos-Yataco²,

Garcia³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a cardiovascular emergency that requires an early reperfusion strategy to reduce mortality and hemodynamic, mechanical, and electrical complications. STEMI is more frequent in men older than 40 years with well-known cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and smoking. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) changed this reality worldwide due to the fact that STEMI cases associated with severe forms of COVID-19 began to be reported, which generally affected the older adult population; in contrast, there is still limited data on young healthy patients recovering from mild COVID-19. The exact mechanism behind the association remains unclear. We present a case of a healthy 29-year-old man with a history of mild COVID-19, diagnosed by reversetranscription polymerase chain reaction 20 days before his admission with inferior STEMI. Coronary angiography revealed an occluded mid-right coronary artery, and he was successfully treated with a drugeluting stent. The patient evolved favorably and was discharged on the fifth day of hospitalization.

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Acute myocardial infarction in COVID-19 patients. A review of cases in the literature

Cited by 15 publications

References 52 publications

The GRACE risk score in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and concomitant COVID-19

The GRACE risk score in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and concomitant COVID-19

Stress Reactivity, Susceptibility to Hypertension, and Differential Expression of Genes in Hypertensive Compared to Normotensive Patients

ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction With Occluded Culprit Coronary Artery in a Young Patient Recovered From Mild COVID-19: A Case Report

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