Acute Myocardial Infarction Is a Risk Factor for New Onset Diabetes in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

Park, Chul Soo; Chung, Woo Baek; Choi, Yun Seok; Kim, Pum Joon; Lee, Jong Min; Baek, Kwang‐Hyun; Kim, Hee-Yeol; Yoo, Ki Dong; Song, Ki‐Ho; Chung, Wook Sung; Seung, Ki Bae; Lee, Man Young; Kwon, Hyuk‐Sang

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0136354

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Coronary artery disease (CAD) has been linked with systemic insulin resistance ( 1 – 4 ), and patients with CAD have an elevated risk of developing type 2 diabetes ( 5 ). The studies investigating the link between CAD and metabolic abnormalities have focused on numerous targets, including β-cell dysfunction ( 3 , 4 ); steatosis affecting the heart, liver, or pancreas ( 6 – 9 ); and epicardial or pericardial adipose tissue ( 10 – 12 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Elevated Glucose Oxidation, Reduced Insulin Secretion, and a Fatty Heart May Be Protective Adaptions in Ischemic CAD

Hannukainen

Lautamäki

Mari

et al. 2016

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

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Background:Insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction, and ectopic fat deposition have been implicated in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD) and type 2 diabetes, which is common in CAD patients. We investigated whether CAD is an independent predictor of these metabolic abnormalities and whether this interaction is influenced by superimposed myocardial ischemia.Methods and Results:We studied CAD patients with (n = 8) and without (n = 14) myocardial ischemia and eight non-CAD controls. Insulin sensitivity and secretion and substrate oxidation were measured during fasting and oral glucose tolerance testing. We used magnetic resonance imaging/spectroscopy, positron emission and computerized tomography to characterize CAD, cardiac function, pericardial and abdominal adipose tissue, and myocardial, liver, and pancreatic triglyceride contents. Ischemic CAD was characterized by elevated oxidative glucose metabolism and a proportional decline in β-cell insulin secretion and reduction in lipid oxidation. Cardiac function was preserved in CAD groups, whereas cardiac fat depots were elevated in ischemic CAD compared to non-CAD subjects. Liver and pancreatic fat contents were similar in all groups and related with surrounding adipose masses or systemic insulin sensitivity.Conclusions:In ischemic CAD patients, glucose oxidation is enhanced and correlates inversely with insulin secretion. This can be seen as a mechanism to prevent glucose lowering because glucose is required in oxygen-deprived tissues. On the other hand, the accumulation of cardiac triglycerides may be a physiological adaptation to the limited fatty acid oxidative capacity. Our results underscore the urgent need of clinical trials that define the optimal/safest glycemic range in situations of myocardial ischemia.

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confidence: 99%

Elevated Glucose Oxidation, Reduced Insulin Secretion, and a Fatty Heart May Be Protective Adaptions in Ischemic CAD

Hannukainen

Lautamäki

Mari

et al. 2016

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

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“…as used extensively by Tranter [ 4 , 35 , 40 , 49 – 53 ]. We conducted univariate OLR analyses, then multivariate OLR analyses including the variables that were significant in univariate OLR analyses [following 54 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Australian voters’ attitudes to climate action and their social-political determinants

Colvin

Jotzo

2021

PLoS ONE

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Australia is a relative laggard on climate policy, amidst social and political fractures despite rising support for climate policy in opinion polls. In the 2019 Australian federal election, which was dubbed the ‘climate election’, the opposition campaigned on comparatively ambitious climate action but the government was returned on a status quo policy. We explore the social-political determinants of climate attitudes and how they are positioned in relation to voting behaviour, in the context of the 2019 election. We use a large nationally representative survey of Australian voters (n = 2,033), and employ univariate and multivariate ordinal logistic regression models to uncover correlates. We find that a large majority of voters think it is important for Australia to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, the importance given to emissions reductions is sharply divided along lines of political party preference. Holding pro-climate action attitudes consistently correlates with voting for progressive political parties and having higher levels of education. We also find a strong age cohort divide, with younger people holding stronger pro-climate attitudes than older people, raising the question whether we are seeing the emergence of a new generation expressing strong pro-climate action and progressive political attitudes that will persist over time. We conduct population ageing scenarios to project changes to public opinion, by age group, into the future. These indicate that strong support for climate action would increase by about four percentage points over the coming decade as younger voters replace the old, if attitudes within cohorts remained fixed. We conclude that while cleavages in climate attitudes in Australia are set to continue, efforts to promote climate delay are bound to have a limited shelf life as a growing majority of voters accepts the need for climate action.

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“…The causal link between type 2 diabetes and micro- and macro-vascular lesions is widely accepted. Conversely, several epidemiological and experimental studies suggest that cardio-vascular anomalies could foster the development of type 2 diabetes: patients who suffer from hypertension, myocardial infarction, or arterial stiffness as measured by the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity [ 2 – 4 ], and patients who smoke [ 5 , 6 ] are all more at risk of type 2 diabetes than control subjects or than non-smoker patients. Patients with an increased carotid intima-media thickness, a marker of cardio-vascular risk, are more frequently glucose intolerant [ 7 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patients with type 2 diabetes present with multiple anomalies of the pancreatic arterial tree on abdominal computed tomography: comparison between patients with type 2 diabetes and a matched control group

Alexandre‐Heymann

Barral

Dohan

et al. 2020

Cardiovasc Diabetol

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Background: Studies suggest that cardio-vascular risk factors could foster the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). This could partly be mediated by pancreatic atherosclerosis resulting in pancreatic ischemia. We hypothesized that patients with T2D present with more severe atherosclerosis of pancreas-bound arteries than control patients without T2D. Methods: We performed a retrospective study comparing the abdominal computed tomography of patients with T2D and of control subjects matched for gender and for age. We performed a multivariate logistic regression with adjustment for age, gender, BMI and the presence or absence of hypertension. Results: Forty-eight patients with T2D and 48 control subjects were included. A calcification score of the splenic artery was defined (from 0: no calcification to 3: continuous linear calcifications). Seventeen percent of the patients with T2D presented with a high calcification score (i.e. 2 or 3), versus only 2% of the control subjects (p = 0.04). The mean number of pancreas-bound branches among the greater pancreatic artery, dorsal pancreatic artery and inferior pancreatic artery (from 0 to 3) was lower in patients with T2D than in control subjects (1.1 vs 1.7, p = 0.003). The mean number of visible intrapancreatic arterial subdivisions (from 0 to 2) was lower in patients with T2D than in control subjects (0.7 vs 1.3, p = 0.0017). All these differences hold true using multivariate logistic regression. None of these differences correlated with the duration of diabetes. The relationship between pancreas volume and BMI seen in control subjects was not confirmed in patients with T2D. Conversely, in patients with T2D but not in control subjects, the splenic artery diameter correlated with the pancreas volume. Conclusions: Patients with T2D present with more calcifications of the splenic artery and with a less dense pancreatic arterial tree than control subjects.

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Acute Myocardial Infarction Is a Risk Factor for New Onset Diabetes in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

Cited by 7 publications

References 34 publications

Elevated Glucose Oxidation, Reduced Insulin Secretion, and a Fatty Heart May Be Protective Adaptions in Ischemic CAD

Elevated Glucose Oxidation, Reduced Insulin Secretion, and a Fatty Heart May Be Protective Adaptions in Ischemic CAD

Australian voters’ attitudes to climate action and their social-political determinants

Patients with type 2 diabetes present with multiple anomalies of the pancreatic arterial tree on abdominal computed tomography: comparison between patients with type 2 diabetes and a matched control group

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