2020
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1705182
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Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy of Childhood with H1N1 Infection

Abstract: Acute necrotizing encephalopathy of childhood (ANEC) is an uncommon and fulminant complication of seasonal influenza infection associated with high mortality and poor neurological outcome. We report a 4.5-year-old female who had pneumonia, ANEC, and raised intracranial pressure (ICP) with polymerase chain reaction proven H1N1 infection. Management included mechanical ventilation, invasive monitoring and control of ICP, oseltamivir, methylprednisolone, and supportive care in pediatric intensive care unit. She s… Show more

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Cited by 8 publications
(7 citation statements)
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“… 10 , 13 These neurological complications include febrile seizures, seizures, encephalopathy, Guillain–Barre syndrome, myositis, postinfectious cerebellitis, and ANEC. 1 , 14 Among these complications, seizures are the most common. 13 , 15 These complications increase the mortality rate caused by influenza to more than 30%.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“… 10 , 13 These neurological complications include febrile seizures, seizures, encephalopathy, Guillain–Barre syndrome, myositis, postinfectious cerebellitis, and ANEC. 1 , 14 Among these complications, seizures are the most common. 13 , 15 These complications increase the mortality rate caused by influenza to more than 30%.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Acute necrotizing encephalopathy of childhood (ANEC) as a rare fulminant neurological disorder is accompanied with rapid progressive encephalopathy, seizures, altered mental status, raised intracranial pressure (ICP), impaired liver function, poor outcome, and high mortality. 1 , 2 ANEC was first reported in Japan in 1995. 3 It mostly affects healthy East Asian children with ages ranging from 6 months to 11 years with the highest incidence between 6 and 18 months.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…General treatment includes intensive care management, detection and treatment of elevated ICP and therapeutic hypothermia. Antiviral drugs and early use of immunosuppressive therapy such as hormone and immunoglobulin or plasma exchange can improve prognosis [15]. Although the exactly mechanism is unclear, it is well-known that timely diagnosis and treatment may lead to successful effection.…”
Section: Management and Prognosismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Most often, the children with ANEC are managed with the administration of steroids ± IVIG. [ 8 15 16 ]…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%