2018
DOI: 10.3928/01913913-20181017-01
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Acute Onset Esotropia From Excessive Smartphone Use in a Teenager

Abstract: Acute acquired comitant esotropia secondary to smart-phone use is a newly described phenomenon. This case report describes a boy with acute acquired comitant esotropia due to prolonged smartphone use who had improvement in binocular function after cessation of near work for several weeks. [ J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus . 2018;55:e42–e44.]

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Cited by 22 publications
(20 citation statements)
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“…After several recurrences, diplopia did not disappear even after rest. Mehta et al 16 reported the case of a teenager who developed esotropia due to excessive smartphone use. Lee et al 7 believes that the occurrence of AACE is related to the excessive use of smartphones in adolescents.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…After several recurrences, diplopia did not disappear even after rest. Mehta et al 16 reported the case of a teenager who developed esotropia due to excessive smartphone use. Lee et al 7 believes that the occurrence of AACE is related to the excessive use of smartphones in adolescents.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This induces chronic overuse of the both medial rectus muscles in patients with AACE, which may strengthen the medial rectus muscles and break the balance of the medial and lateral rectus muscles. This may subsequently be the cause of AACE in patients using smartphones at close proximity for a long time [7,8]. Refractive error may be another cause of AACE.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In increasing case reports, AACE has been reported to be related to the refractive error, decompensated esophoria, intracranial diseases (elevated intracranial pressure, brain glioma, thalamic or cerebellar tumor), and near work such as excessive smartphone use. However, these cases cannot be included in the Burian and Miller classification [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Some AACE cases were neuroimaging study-negative, systemic disease-negative, and without a history of neuro-or anesthesia-related medication use.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…O exame oftalmológico do paciente revelou esodesvio comitante, medidas de fixação para longe e para perto similares e ausência de sinais de paralisia dos músculos extraoculares, assemelhando-se ao quadro clínico de demais pacientes com diagnóstico de ECAA secundária ao uso excessivo de smartphones já descritos na literatura (LEE; PARK; HEO, 2016;MEHTA et al, 2018). Na propedêutica da ECAA deve-se sempre levar em consideração diagnósticos diferenciais relevantes, como esotropia cíclica, miastenia grave, espasmo acomodativo e paralisia do sexto par craniano (CLARK et al, 1989;KEMMANU et al, 2012).…”
Section: Discussionunclassified