Acute pancreatic injury induced by COVID-19

Patnaik, Rekha; Gogia, Atul; Kakar, Atul

doi:10.1016/j.idcr.2020.e00959

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Patnaik et al [ 39 ] described the case of a 29-year-old man with abdominal pain radiating to the back and dyspnea for 5 d. Laboratory tests revealed leukocytosis, hyperamylasemia, and hyperlipasemia. CT showed that the pancreas was swollen.…”

Section: Case Reports and Cohort Studies On Ap In Covid-19 In The Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between acute pancreatitis and COVID-19 infection: What do we know?

Jabłońska

Mrowiec

2021

WJGS

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The disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), also called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), first originated in Wuhan, China, displaying atypical pneumonia-like respiratory symptoms in affected patients. SARS-CoV-2 primarily attacks the respiratory system, and the most common symptoms include cough, shortness of breath, and fever. However, its impact on the digestive system has been shown, and various clinical gastrointestinal manifestations of this disease have been recognized. Some reports have shown acute pancreatitis (AP) as the initial symptom in patients with COVID-19. AP may be a consequence of direct pancreatic damage by the virus because pancreatic acinar cells contain angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor proteins, and SARS-CoV-2 can bind to these receptors, causing pancreatic injury. Moreover, AP may be a secondary indicator of cytokine storms and altered inflammatory responses. Our review of the literature shows that SARS-CoV-2 appears to be a new etiological infectious factor related to AP. In this manuscript, a comprehensive review of case reports and case series of patients with AP and COVID-19 is presented. All reports on COVID-19-associated AP are summarized. All cases are thoroughly analyzed and discussed in-depth.

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Section: Case Reports and Cohort Studies On Ap In Covid-19 In The Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conservative treatment using meropenem was administered. After several days, his clinical state was improved, and he was discharged[ 39 ].…”

Section: Case Reports and Cohort Studies On Ap In Covid-19 In The Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between acute pancreatitis and COVID-19 infection: What do we know?

Jabłońska

Mrowiec

2021

WJGS

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“…Studies have suggested a causal relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and acute pancreatitis (17,18). Pancreatic injury may emerge directly due to viral replications, or it may be due to in ammatory processes and immune dysregulation caused by COVID-19 (12,(17)(18)(19)(20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the reviewed studies, pancreatic enzyme levels were detected from normal (27) to above 20 to 30 times more than the normal range (19,28). In addition to that, the C-Reactive Protein (CRP) level also was up to 20-times elevated (17).…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 97%

COVID-19 Associated Pancreatitis: A Review of 66 Cases

Rahimian¹,

Ardekani²,

Feili³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has shown itself with different clinical manifestations. Besides respiratory distress, cough, and fever, which were the most common symptoms, pancreatitis has been reported as a rare presentation of this disease, but the knowledge on this association and its pathogenesis is sparse. Methods: Four databases, including Pub Med, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, were searched for the association of pancreatitis and SARS-CoV- 2 infection, and 29 relevant articles were extracted and reviewed. Results: We reviewed 29 studies provided 66 cases developed acute pancreatitis while they were infected with SARS-CoV-2. The mean age of patients was 49.94 ± 16.96. The female to male ratio was 1.06 (33 to 31). In 44% of cases, acute pancreatitis developed as the primary presentation of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and 9% of reported cases, expired.Conclusions: During this pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 should be considered in the differential diagnosis of the patients presenting with acute pancreatitis. Although pancreatitis will respond to standard care, these patients need isolation and observation for later development of respiratory symptoms.

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“…Despite this, little attention has been paid to the extent and details of pancreatic injury caused by COVID-19[ 53 ]. Fortunately, so far, an increasing number of studies have reported pancreatic injury in patients with COVID-19 infection, which received the attention of clinicians and researchers[ 57 - 62 ]. Combined with clinical data, Liu et al [ 53 ] showed that 1%-2% of non-severe and 17% of severe patients with COVID-19 had pancreatic injury.…”

Section: Digestive System Manifestations In Covid-19 Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and the digestive system: A comprehensive review

Wang¹,

Yue²,

Cai³

et al. 2021

WJCC

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is spreading at an alarming rate, and it has created an unprecedented health emergency threatening tens of millions of people worldwide. Previous studies have indicated that SARS-CoV-2 ribonucleic acid could be detected in the feces of patients even after smear-negative respiratory samples. However, demonstration of confirmed fecal-oral transmission has been difficult. Clinical studies have shown an incidence rate of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms ranging from 2% to 79.1% in patients with COVID-19. They may precede or accompany respiratory symptoms. The most common GI symptoms included nausea, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. In addition, some patients also had liver injury, pancreatic damage, and even acute mesenteric ischemia/thrombosis. Although the incidence rates reported in different centers were quite different, the digestive system was the clinical component of the COVID-19 section. Studies have shown that angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, the receptor of SARS-CoV-2, was not only expressed in the lungs, but also in the upper esophagus, small intestine, liver, and colon. The possible mechanism of GI symptoms in COVID-19 patients may include direct viral invasion into target cells, dysregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, immune-mediated tissue injury, and gut dysbiosis caused by microbiota. Additionally, numerous experiences, guidelines, recommendations, and position statements were published or released by different organizations and societies worldwide to optimize the management practice of outpatients, inpatients, and endoscopy in the era of COVID-19. In this review, based on our previous work and relevant literature, we mainly discuss potential fecal-oral transmission, GI manifestations, abdominal imaging findings, relevant pathophysiological mechanisms, and infection control and prevention measures in the time of COVID-19.

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Acute pancreatic injury induced by COVID-19

Cited by 19 publications

References 8 publications

Association between acute pancreatitis and COVID-19 infection: What do we know?

Association between acute pancreatitis and COVID-19 infection: What do we know?

COVID-19 Associated Pancreatitis: A Review of 66 Cases

COVID-19 and the digestive system: A comprehensive review

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