Acute pancreatitis : a newly recognised potential complication of canine babesiosis

Möhr, A.J.; Lobetti, Remo; Lugt, Jaco J. Van der

doi:10.4102/jsava.v71i4.721

Cited by 51 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 54, 2006 Pancreatitis, a recently described manifestation in babesiosis (Möhr et al, 2000), was a frequent complication in our study. These animals all had multiple organ dysfunctions.…”

Section: Complicated Babesiosismentioning

confidence: 83%

Clinical manifestations of canine babesiosis in Hungary (63 cases)

Máthé

Vörös

Papp

et al. 2006

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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Clinical observations of Babesia canis infection in 63 dogs during a 1-year period are summarised, demonstrating the pathogenicity of the Babesia strain endemic in Hungary. Most patients had babesiosis in the spring and autumn, correlating with the seasonal activity of ticks. Male animals appeared in higher numbers, probably due to an overrepresentation of outdoor dogs. Uncomplicated babesiosis was diagnosed in 32 cases. The disease affected dogs of any age in this study. Symptoms were similar to those published from other parts of the world: lethargy, fever, splenomegaly, pallor, icterus, haemoglobinuria and presence of ticks were the most common observations. Thrombocytopenia, lymphopenia and neutropenia were frequent haemogram changes. Imidocarb appeared to be highly effective in eliminating the Babesia infection. Thirty-one animals demonstrated babesiosis with complications. Most Rottweilers (7/9) developed complicated disease. Old age was a risk factor for multiple complications. Multiple organ manifestations had poor prognosis. Hepatopathy (44%), pancreatitis (33%), acute renal failure (ARF; 31%) and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC; 24%) were frequent complications, while immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia (IMHA; 10%), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS; 6%) and cerebral babesiosis (3%) were rarely observed. There was a significant difference between the mean age of dogs having uncomplicated disease, babesiosis with a single complication and babesiosis with multiple complications (3.4, 4.8 and 8.6 years, respectively, p < 0.001). The recovery rate (78, 68 and 25%, respectively, p = 0.005) and mortality rate (3, 21 and 67%, respectively, p < 0.001) also tended to differ significantly in these groups. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and

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Section: Complicated Babesiosismentioning

confidence: 83%

Clinical manifestations of canine babesiosis in Hungary (63 cases)

Máthé

Vörös

Papp

et al. 2006

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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“…Hypotensive shock, immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia, haemoconcentration and possibly altered lipid metabolism in babesiosis may also be involved [122].…”

Section: Multiple Organ Dysfunctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canine Babesiosis: Where Do We Stand?

et al. 2018

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Canine babesiosis is a tick-borne disease caused by protozoal haemoparasites of different Babesia species. Babesiosis is one of the most important globally extended and quickly spreading tick-borne infections of dogs. This comprehensive review gives an in-depth overview of Babesia species currently identifi ed in dogs together with relevant vector tick species and their geographical distribution, life cycle and transmission of parasite. The main mechanisms in the pathogenesis of babesiosis are described and elucidated by recent literature overview. As Babesia infection causes a disease with very variable clinical manifestations, special attention is given to clinical signs, laboratory features and clinicopathological fi ndings. The diagnosis of canine babesiosis by microscopy, serological and molecular methods is reviewed, together with recent advances in mass spectrometry based assays. Accurate detection and species recognition are important for the selection of the appropriate therapy, monitoring and prediction of the outcome of the disease. Finally, guidelines for the treatment and prevention of canine babesiosis are given.

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“…Babesia canis rossi, the aetiologic agent of virulent babesiosis in South Africa produces acute disease in susceptible individuals (Jacobson, 2006). The disease is characterized by acute haemolysis and systemic inflammation, and severe complications may arise, including immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia, acute renal failure (Lobetti and Jacobson, 2001), pulmonary oedema (Jacobson, 2006), and pancreatitis (Mohr et al, 2000). Hypoglycaemia was recently identified as a life-threatening metabolic complication in almost 20% of severely ill dogs suffering from babesiosis due to B. canis rossi infection in South Africa .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma insulin concentrations in hypoglycaemic dogs with Babesia canis rossi infection

Rees¹,

Schoeman²

2008

Veterinary Parasitology

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Hypoglycaemia has been identified as a life-threatening metabolic complication in almost 20% of severely ill dogs suffering from babesiosis due to Babesia canis rossi infection, and has been correlated with mortality. Hyperinsulinaemia as a result of inappropriate insulin secretion may precipitate hypoglycaemia, and has been suggested as a possible cause of hypoglycaemia in human and murine malaria. This prospective, cross-sectional, observational study, including 94 dogs with naturally occurring virulent babesiosis, sought to identify the presence of inappropriate insulin secretion in hypoglycaemic canine babesiosis. Pre-treatment jugular blood samples were collected for simultaneous determination of plasma glucose and insulin concentrations. Animals were retrospectively divided into three groups: hypoglycaemic (BG < 3.3 mmol/L; n = 16), normoglycaemic (BG 3.3-5.5 mmol/L; n = 62), and hyperglycaemic (BG > 5.5 mmol/L; n = 16). The median insulin concentrations for the hypoglycaemic, normoglycaemic, and hyperglycaemic groups were 10.7 pmol/L, 10.7 pmol/L, and 21.7 pmol/L, respectively. Statistical analysis revealed no significant difference in insulin concentration between the three groups. Additionally, the median insulin concentration in the hypoglycaemic and normoglycaemic groups was below the detection limit of the assay, suggesting that insulin secretion was appropriately low (i.e. undetectable) in these cases. Only two dogs had inappropriately elevated insulin concentrations. One of these dogs was hypoglycaemic. We conclude that hyperinsulinaemia is an infrequent cause of hypoglycaemia in virulent canine babesiosis. Other causes of hypoglycaemia, such as increased glucose consumption, depletion of hepatic glycogen stores, and hepatic dysfunction with impaired gluconeogenesis, are speculated to play more important roles in the pathophysiology of hypoglycaemia in canine babesiosis.

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Acute pancreatitis : a newly recognised potential complication of canine babesiosis

Cited by 51 publications

References 38 publications

Clinical manifestations of canine babesiosis in Hungary (63 cases)

Clinical manifestations of canine babesiosis in Hungary (63 cases)

Canine Babesiosis: Where Do We Stand?

Plasma insulin concentrations in hypoglycaemic dogs with Babesia canis rossi infection

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