Acute postprandial gut hormone, leptin, glucose and insulin responses to resistant starch in obese children: a single blind crossover study

Abstract

IntroductionResistant starch (RS) has beneficial effects on postprandial glucose metabolism in both animals and adults. Hitherto, there have been no studies in children of the acute metabolic and hormonal effects of RS-containing meals.ObjectivesWe aimed to compare serial plasma glucose, insulin, gut hormone, leptin profiles and satiety scores in obese children after meals containing variable amounts of RS.MethodsThis was a single blind, non-randomised, crossover study of 20 obese children aged 10–14 years old without comorbidities. Three test meals containing rice (M1), rice cooked with coconut oil (M2), rice cooked in coconut oil with lentils (M3) were given in sequence after a 12-hour fast . Blood samples were analysed for glucose (PG), insulin, leptin, glucagon-like polypeptide (GLP) 1, ghrelin and peptide YY (PYY) at appropriate times between 0 and 180 min.ResultsMeal M2 resulted in significantly lower postprandial glucose values compared with meal M1 (maximal incremental glucose, ∆Cmax, p<0.05; area under the curve, ∆AUC0–3, p<0.01) and meal M3 (maximal concentration, Cmax, p<0.01; ∆Cmax, p<0.001, and ∆AUC0–3p<0.01). M2 also produced lower insulin values compared with M1 (p<0.05). Postprandial ghrelin was significantly higher after M1 compared with M3 (p<0.05). PYY, GLP1 and median satiety scores were not significantly different between the three meals.ConclusionThis study shows that M2, the meal containing RS alone, induced beneficial effects on acute postprandial glucose, insulin and ghrelin concentrations in obese children without diabetes. Acute postprandial satiety scores were not significantly affected by the three meals.Trial registration numberSLCTR/2020/007.

Assessing the Postprandial Glycemic Response to Japonica Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L. cv. Koshihikari) with a Small Amount of Lysolecithin and Canola Oil in Japanese Adult Men: a Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Crossover Study

“…An in vitro study demonstrated a reduction in glycemia after the consumption of cooked rice supplemented with fat 9) . In a human clinical study conducted with 20 obese children, Suntharesan et al demonstrated that the intake of 100 g of Sri Lankan traditional indica rice cooked with 3 g of coconut oil significantly decreased postprandial glucose levels compared with the intake of cooked rice without coconut oil 10) . However, this effect has not been confirmed for japonica rice cooked with smaller amounts of vegetable oil or in adults.…”