Acute respiratory distress syndrome due to influenza virus A/H1N1v in a patient with HIV/HCV co-infection

Abstract

The clinical severity of human infection with the novel influenza virus A/H1N1v has not been completely defined, especially in HIV/hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected patients. Although most patients develop mild to moderate symptoms, severe disease may occur in a limited proportion of cases. We report the case of a 44-year-old man infected with HIV and HCV with a high CD4 cell count who developed acute respiratory distress syndrome associated with influenza virus A/H1N1v infection. The patient recovered completely after oseltamivir therapy and mechanical ventilation.

Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Infection Increases Apoptosis and HIV-1 Replication in HIV-1 Infected Jurkat Cells

“…HIV-1 infection may be associated with a worse prognosis of influenza and adults with AIDS experience substantially elevated influenza-associated mortality, which has declined with widespread introduction of HAART (highly-active anti-retroviral therapy), but not completely eliminated [ 35 ]. In HIV patients, well controlled on HAART, pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection has resulted in a similar clinical outcome and prognosis to that of non-HIV patients [ 34 ] and oseltamivir treatment has been known to shorten the duration of influenza viral shedding in children [ 36 ] and adults [ 37 , 38 ]. CD4 cell count and plasma HIV-1 RNA did not differ before and 4–6 weeks after influenza A H1N1 diagnosis in the presence of oseltamivir treatment in the HIV-positive group [ 37 ].…”

“…In HIV patients, well controlled on HAART, pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection has resulted in a similar clinical outcome and prognosis to that of non-HIV patients [ 34 ] and oseltamivir treatment has been known to shorten the duration of influenza viral shedding in children [ 36 ] and adults [ 37 , 38 ]. CD4 cell count and plasma HIV-1 RNA did not differ before and 4–6 weeks after influenza A H1N1 diagnosis in the presence of oseltamivir treatment in the HIV-positive group [ 37 ]. However, HIV-1-infected subjects that had progressed to immune deficiency presented an increased mortality by pH1N1 [ 5 ].…”