Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Cancer Patients

Young, Alisha Y; Shannon, Vickie R.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-74698-2_48-1

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…The immunotherapy in lung cancer patients targets either the Programmed cell Death-1 receptor and its ligand (PD-1/PDL-1) [ 57 ] such as pembrolizumab, nivolumab, atezolizumab, and durvalumab or cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) [ 58 ] such as Ipilimumab. Conflicting data reported effective, adverse, or with no effect of anti-PD-1/PDL-1 or anti-CTLA-4 therapies to lung cancer patients.…”

Section: Impact Of Covid-19 On Lung Cancer: How Tme Support This Infementioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-COV-2 infection and lung tumor microenvironment

Malkani

Rashid

2021

Mol Biol Rep

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Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory syndrome, reported at the end of 2019 in China originally and immediately spread affecting over ten million world population to date. This pandemic is more lethal for the older population and those who previously suffered from other ailments such as cardiovascular diseases, respiratory disorders, and other immune system affecting abnormalities including cancers. Lung cancer is an important comorbidity of COVID-19. In this review, we emphasized the impact of lung tumor microenvironment (TME) on the possibility of enhanced severity of infection caused by the SARS-Co-V2. The compromised lung TME is further susceptible to the attack of viruses. The lung cells are also abundant in the virus entry receptors. Several SARS-Co-V2 proteins can modulate the lung TME by disrupting the fragile immune mechanisms contributing to cytokine storming and cellular metabolic variations. We also discussed the impact of medication used for lung cancer in the scenario of this infection. Since other respiratory infections can be a risk factor for lung cancer, COVID-19 recovered patients should be monitored for tumor development, especially if there is genetic susceptibility or it involves exposure to other risk factors.

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Section: Impact Of Covid-19 On Lung Cancer: How Tme Support This Infementioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-COV-2 infection and lung tumor microenvironment

Malkani

Rashid

2021

Mol Biol Rep

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“… 60 , 61 Mortality amongst paediatric oncology patients with respiratory failure requiring ventilation is higher (30–84%), and more than 50% of patients who develop ARDS will not survive hospital discharge. 62 – 64 Invasive ventilation with systemic infection or haemopoietic cell transplant is associated with a poor prognosis. 65 For those who survive ARDS, they often have residual organ dysfunction and poor functional status, delaying subsequent cancer treatment.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 65 For those who survive ARDS, they often have residual organ dysfunction and poor functional status, delaying subsequent cancer treatment. 64 …”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In oncology patients, pulmonary and extrapulmonary infections are the major cause (up to 90%) of ARDS and up to one-third of the underlying infections were due to opportunistic pathogens, including invasive aspergillosis and Pneumocystis pneumonia. 64 , 66 Diagnostic bronchopulmonary alveolar lavage (BAL) can be used to guide treatment, the diagnostic yield of BAL in immunocompromised children ranges from 28% to 68%. 67 The primary lung insult of ARDS includes lung injury following aspiration, toxicity from pneumotoxic drugs, radiation toxicity and post-thoracic surgical changes.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Therapeutics for paediatric oncological emergencies

Leung¹,

Hon²,

Hui³

et al. 2021

DIC

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Background With advancements in the field of oncology, cancer survival rates have improved dramatically but modern cancer treatments also come with an increasing number of disease and treatment-associated complications. This article provides an updated narrative review on the pathophysiology, clinical presentations and latest management strategies for common paediatric oncological emergencies. Methods An extensive PubMed ® search of all human studies in the English literature was performed in Clinical Queries for different oncology syndromes and conditions using the following Medical Subject Headings: “tumour lysis syndrome”, “hyperleukocytosis”, “disseminated intravascular coagulation”, “superior mediastinal syndrome”, “superior vena cava syndrome”, “sepsis”, “severe inflammatory response syndrome”, “acute respiratory distress syndrome”, “posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome” and “reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome”. Categories were limited to clinical trials and reviews for ages from birth to 18 years. Results The general description, presentation and management of these oncologic emergencies are systematically described. Early recognition along with prompt and proactive treatment can reduce the chances of potential complications and improve the clinical outcomes, thereby improving not only survival rates in oncology patients but also their clinical outcomes and quality of life. Conclusions Oncologic emergencies are associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Healthcare professionals involved with the care of oncology patients must be vigilant of these emergencies.

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“…Furthermore, ARDS is a major cause of postoperative respiratory failure, with mortality rates reaching 40% in the general population. Mortality rates in the cancer population vary widely, depending on the type of cancer, and thoracic surgeries carry the highest operational risk of lung damage [5]. Plus, the case fatality rate is significantly higher for those with an underlying concomitant disease, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, or chronic respiratory disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathology of COVID-19 pneumonia in two non-oncological, non-hospitalised cases as a reliable diagnostic benchmark

Scendoni

Marchesani²,

Cannovo

et al. 2020

Diagn Pathol

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In lung cancer patients infected with COVID-19, pathological features are not easy to distinguish. This report presents detailed histopathological findings in two non-neoplastic subjects whose out-of-hospital deaths were caused by COVID-19 infection. These 'pure' cases differ in the time of presentation of symptoms, the phase of lung anatomopathological patterns (acute lung injury versus diffuse alveolar damage) and the mechanism of death. The results provide a valid diagnostic benchmark for evaluating the evolution of COVID-19 pneumonia.

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Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Cancer Patients

Cited by 4 publications

References 127 publications

SARS-COV-2 infection and lung tumor microenvironment

SARS-COV-2 infection and lung tumor microenvironment

Therapeutics for paediatric oncological emergencies

Histopathology of COVID-19 pneumonia in two non-oncological, non-hospitalised cases as a reliable diagnostic benchmark

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