Acute Sarcopenia: Definition and Actual Issues

Welch, Carly

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-80038-3_10

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 52 publications

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“…Additionally, the more broadly sarcopenia is considered, the more it can be considered to overlap with other conditions within the muscle loss spectrum eg, cachexia, Intensive Care Unit-Acquired Weakness, neurodegenerative disorders, or inflammatory disorders. 16,19 The underlying mechanisms will of course significantly differ, but the current definition of sarcopenia is based on clinical criteria, and in fact the underlying mechanisms of sarcopenia are still not fully understood. There are numerous proposed causes of age-related sarcopenia, including loss of motor units innervating muscle, systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, decline in anabolic hormones, "anorexia of ageing", reduced protein absorption and disturbances in the gastrointestinal microbiome, 20 and reduced physical activity.…”

Section: Muscle Loss As a Spectrummentioning

confidence: 99%

Obstacles to the Early Diagnosis and Management of Sarcopenia: Current Perspectives

Ooi,

Welch

2024

CIA

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Research in sarcopenia has grown exponentially over the last 15 years in geriatrics and gerontology, as well as other specialties, including oncology and hepatology. There is now strong evidence for the role of resistance exercise to prevent declines in muscle strength and function, especially when combined with nutritional optimization with protein supplementation. However, there remains a disparity between research evidence and clinical practice. There are multiple factors for this, which relate to the current diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia, practical and logistical aspects of diagnosis of sarcopenia, clinician knowledge of both diagnosis and management, and the availability of pathways for interventions. Sarcopenia is currently defined based on the identification of muscle strength, in combination with muscle size or quality, below cut-off thresholds at a single timepoint. This defines sarcopenia as a binary process of either present or not present, thus early diagnosis can be challenging. In this article, we summarize current obstacles to early diagnosis and management of sarcopenia in clinical practice, and make recommendations to how these might be overcome. This includes our recommendation of incorporation of handgrip strength measurement into standard care, to enable dynamic assessment and identification of early declines in handgrip strength, so that interventions can be implemented to prevent disability.

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Section: Muscle Loss As a Spectrummentioning

confidence: 99%

Obstacles to the Early Diagnosis and Management of Sarcopenia: Current Perspectives

Ooi,

Welch

2024

CIA

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New horizons in hospital-associated deconditioning: a global condition of body and mind

Welch,

Chen,

Hartley

et al. 2024

Age and Ageing

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Hospital-associated deconditioning is a broad term, which refers non-specifically to declines in any function of the body secondary to hospitalisation. Older people, particularly those living with frailty, are known to be at greatest risk. It has historically been most commonly used as a term to describe declines in muscle mass and function (i.e. acute sarcopenia). However, declines in physical function do not occur in isolation, and it is recognised that cognitive deconditioning (defined by delayed mental processing as part of a spectrum with fulminant delirium at one end) is commonly encountered by patients in hospital. Whilst the term ‘deconditioning’ is descriptive, it perhaps leads to under-emphasis on the inherent organ dysfunction that is associated, and also implies some ease of reversibility. Whilst deconditioning may be reversible with early intervention strategies, the long-term effects can be devastating. In this article, we summarise the most recent research on this topic including new promising interventions and describe our recommendations for implementation of tools such as the Frailty Care Bundle.

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Establishing Predictors of Acute Sarcopenia: A Proof-Of-Concept Study Utilising Network Analysis

Welch,

Bravo,

Gkoutos

et al. 2024

Aging and disease

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Acute Sarcopenia: Definition and Actual Issues

Cited by 3 publications

References 52 publications

Obstacles to the Early Diagnosis and Management of Sarcopenia: Current Perspectives

Obstacles to the Early Diagnosis and Management of Sarcopenia: Current Perspectives

New horizons in hospital-associated deconditioning: a global condition of body and mind

Establishing Predictors of Acute Sarcopenia: A Proof-Of-Concept Study Utilising Network Analysis

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