Acute Skin Response in Albino Mice Following Porphyrin Photosensitization Under Oxic and Anoxic Conditions

Gomer, Charles J.; Razum, Nicholas J.

doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1984.tb04614.x

Cited by 122 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The results of tissue retention were mostly consistent with the previous reports in rodent models [2,4,[7][8][9]. In the previous reports, however, the HpD level in the skin was higher than that in the muscle in mice.…”

supporting

confidence: 82%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Tissue Retention and Adverse Reaction after Intravenous Injection of Hematoporphyrin Derivatives in Dogs

Okamoto

Yonemura

Miyatake

et al. 2004

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. We evaluated changes in hematology and chemical profile, and the tissue retention of hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD) following the intravenous injection in dogs. HpD at concentrations of 1, 5, 10, and 15 mg/kg was intravenously injected to 16 dogs (n=4 each) and complete blood count (CBC) and blood chemistry were performed on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 after the injection. To examine tissue retention, HpD (5 mg/kg) was administered to 15 dogs and 3 dogs were euthanized on days 1, 2, 7, 14, and 28 after the injection, respectively, to collect the skin, muscle, small intestine, spleen, kidney and liver as tissue samples. There were no significant cha nges in CBC and blood chemical profile except for an increase in LDH concentrations in dogs given 10 and 15 mg/kg of HpD at day 3. The levels of HpD retention in the tissues were ranked in the following order: liver > kidney > spleen > intestine > muscle > skin. KEY WORDS: canine, hematoporhyrin D, photodynamic therapy.

show abstract

supporting

confidence: 82%

“…The most common photosensitizer is hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD). There have been many descriptions of the tissue retention and side effects of HpD in rodent models [2,4,[7][8][9]. Hepatoxity and sunlight-induced dermatitis due to prolonged tissue retention [14] have been pointed out as side effects of HpD.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue Retention and Adverse Reaction after Intravenous Injection of Hematoporphyrin Derivatives in Dogs

Okamoto

Yonemura

Miyatake

et al. 2004

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Buettner, GSF, Institut f'tir Strahlenbiologie, D-8042 Nettherberg, F.R.G. from oxygen [8][9][10]. Cytotoxicity has been attributed to singlet oxygen [11][12][13], an excited state of molecular oxygen, and to the hydroxyl radical [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and singlet oxygen in hematoporphyrin derivative-cysteine, -NADH and -light systems

Buettner

Hall

1987

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hematoporphyrin derivative and light in the presence of cysteine or glutathione were found to convert oxygen to superoxide and hydrogen peroxide at pH < approx. 6.5, while at pH > 6.5 no superoxide or hydrogen peroxide production was observed. However, at pH values greater than 6.5 the rate of oxygen consumption increased. This rate paralleled the acid dissociation curve of the cysteine thioi group and is consistent with the chemical quenching of tO z by cysteine. The superoxide and hydrogen peroxide formation observed below pH 6.5 appeared not to be related to the singlet oxygen production of hematoporphyrin derivative. In addition, superoxide and hydrogen peroxide production was observed with hematoporphyrin derivative and light in the presence of NADH, both above and below pH 6.5. Direct detection of singlet oxygen luminescence at 1268 nm in the hematoporphyrin derivative-light system (2HzO as solvent) revealed an apparent linear increase in the singlet oxygen emission intensity as the pZH was raised from 7.0 to 10.0. Azide efficiently quenched this observed emission. In addition, at p2H 7.4, 1 mM cysteine resulted in a 40% reduction of the singlet oxygen luminescence, while at pZH 9.4 the signal was quenched by over 95% (under the experimental conditions employed). In total, we interpret these results as consistent with the chemical quenching of to z by the ionized thiol group of cysteine.

show abstract

“…(b) The Blood-Brain Barrier The possibility that the sensitiser is prevented by the BBB from entering intracranial tumours may be dismissed outright, for we found the levels in these tumours to be about 50% of those of subcutaneous tumours of similar size, although very little enters normal brain (Figure 2 (Gomer & Razum, 1984;Henderson & Fingar, 1987). At first sight this seems unlikely as intracranial tumours were still very small at the time of treatment (mean volume 4cu mm) and brain has a copious blood supply.…”

Section: Photosensitiser Levelsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…It has been successfully controlled with intra/post-operative steroids (Kaye & Morstyn, 1987) have therefore used the meta-isomer m-THPP in the treatment of subcutaneously and intracranially transplanted VMDk mouse gliomas (Bradford et al, 1987;Bradford et al, 1989). Further, in view of the evidence for oxygen dependency of PDT in vitro Moan & Sommer, 1985) and in vivo (Henderson & Fingar, 1987;Gomer & Razum, 1984) we have studied the effect of PDT on tumours in animals breathing either air or 100% oxygen.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Photodynamic therapy of a mouse glioma: intracranial tumours are resistant while subcutaneous tumours are sensitive

Lindsay

Berenbaum²,

Bonnett³

et al. 1991

Br J Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary Subcutaneous and intracranial VMDk tumours were treated with photodynamic therapy (PDT) using a new sensitiser, m-THPP. Subcutaneous tumours were highly sensitive to PDT but intracranial tumours were much more resistant, requiring a 30-fold increase in sensitiser dose to produce equivalent levels of necrosis. Resistance of intracerebral tumours was not due to failure of the sensitiser to enter tumours. Necrosis of intracranial tumours was increased when mice breathed 100% oxygen during PDT while subcutaneous tumour necrosis was unaffected.Malignant astrocytic tumours, glioblastoma multiforme and malignant astrocytoma, run a particularly aggressive course; median survival after surgery being less than 1 year (Walker et al., 1980;Salcman, 1980). They do not metastasise and death is most commonly due to local recurrence of the tumour. Therefore, any improvement in local control would be expected to prolong survival. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) was proposed as an adjuvant therapy for the treatment of human brain tumours, after removal of the bulk of the tumour by radical surgery. PDT relies on the fact that certain systemically administered photosensitisers localise in and are retained by tumours (and also normal tissues). Exposure of the tumour to light which activates the photosensitiser leads to rapid necrosis, which is probably due to cell membrane damage by singlet oxygen (Moan et al., 1979). Brain tumours may be good candidates for PDT as photosensitisers so far investigated do not cross the blood brain barrier (BBB), but accumulate in brain tumours, which lack an effective barrier. Thus, administration of a photosensitiser before surgical debulking of the tumour, followed by illumination of the tumour bed to destroy remaining tumour cells, may conceivably eradicate the tumour.Initial applications of PDT to brain tumours in man produced equivocal results (Perria et al., 1980; Laws et al., 1981;McCulloch et al., 1984). Treatment protocols varied widely and, though there were some remissions, rapid tumour regrowth often occurred. Recent trials using more intensive PDT regimens have produced more promising results (Kaye & Morstyn, 1987;Muller & Wilson, 1987;Kaye, 1989), and have stimulated renewed interest in this treatment.Animal experiments have shown that, with the photosensitisers available for clinical use, haematoporphyrin derivative (HpD) and Photofrin II, PDT treatments which produce tumour kill also cause severe cerebral oedema and necrosis of normal brain (Rounds et al., 1982;Bonnett et al., 1984), which is probably due to damage to the endothelium of small blood vessels . Cerebral oedema resulting from PDT has been reported in man (Muller & Wilson, 1987;McCulloch et al., 1984). It has been successfully controlled with intra/post-operative steroids (Kaye & Morstyn, 1987) have therefore used the meta-isomer m-THPP in the treatment of subcutaneously and intracranially transplanted VMDk mouse gliomas (Bradford et al., 1987;Bradford et al., 1989). Further, in view of the evidence for oxygen dependenc...

show abstract

Acute Skin Response in Albino Mice Following Porphyrin Photosensitization Under Oxic and Anoxic Conditions

Cited by 122 publications

References 16 publications

Tissue Retention and Adverse Reaction after Intravenous Injection of Hematoporphyrin Derivatives in Dogs

Tissue Retention and Adverse Reaction after Intravenous Injection of Hematoporphyrin Derivatives in Dogs

Superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and singlet oxygen in hematoporphyrin derivative-cysteine, -NADH and -light systems

Photodynamic therapy of a mouse glioma: intracranial tumours are resistant while subcutaneous tumours are sensitive

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About