Acute Skin Wounds Treated with Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Biopolymer Compositions Alone and in Combination: Evaluation of Agent Efficacy and Analysis of Healing Mechanisms

Abstract

We studied the efficacy of using mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and a polymeric compound (based on chitosan and cellulose with integrated cerium dioxide nanoparticles (PCCD)) in wound healing, and to compare the effects with various invasive and external drugs used for the same purpose. Two wounds were made on the backs of each of 112 Wistar rats, removing the skin. Eight groups were studied: Control_0—intact wounds; Control_ss—0.9% NaCl injections; MSC injections; Control_msc—intact wounds on the opposite side of the body from the MSC group; external application of the PCCD; external application of a combination of the drugs PCCD + MSC; DCh –ointment Dioxomethyltetrahydropyrimidine + Chloramphenicol; and DHCB—injections of a deproteinized hemoderivative of calf blood. After 14 days, we evaluated the state and size of the wounds, studied the level of microcirculation, performed a histological study, and identified and counted the different types of cells. The most effective remedy was combination PCCD + MSC. The treatments in the PCCD and MSC groups were more effective than in the DHCB and DCh groups. Invasive drugs and DCh slowed the regeneration process. DHCB did not affect the rate of healing for acute wounds without ischemia during the first week. The proven efficacy of developed polymeric compounds demonstrates the feasibility of further studies in clinical practice.

CeO2 Nanoparticles to Promote Wound Healing: A Systematic Review

“…Among the 28 included studies, 16 used CeO 2 nanoparticlecontaining materials, [2,4,6,11,13,14,17,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] 4 used CeO 2 NPs, [15,16,32,33] and 8 used modified CeO 2 nanoparticles. [10,[34][35][36][37][38][39][40] The number of publications on CeO 2 over the recent decade and the proportion of included articles are indicated in Figure 3.…”

“…Silina et al. [ 31 ] studied the efficacy of using polymers and mesenchymal (MSC) stem cells in wound healing. Their polymer was based on cellulose and chitosan, which also contained 0.0004% CeO 2 NPs.…”

“…The double-layer scaffold consisted of PVA-poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)iodine-potassium iodide (PPI-KI) electrospun fiber layer and a gelatin gel layer loaded with CeO 2 NPs (0.0043%) and curcumin dextran NPs. Silina et al [31] studied the efficacy of using polymers and mesenchymal (MSC) stem cells in wound healing. Their polymer was based on cellulose and chitosan, which also contained 0.0004% CeO 2 NPs.…”

Biomaterials in Skin Wound Healing and Tissue Regenerations—An Overview

“…In recent years, promising results have been observed using multicomponent dressing based on the combination of biomaterials with stem cells, drugs, and nanoparticles. Silina et al [5] examined the efficacy of utilizing biomaterials based on chitosan and cellulose supplemented with cerium dioxide nanoparticles, and mesenchymal stem cells and these two treatments in combination compared with control wounds in Wistar rats. The most effective remedy was a combination of cerium dioxide nanoparticles (PCCD) with mesenchymal stem cells (MSC).…”