Acute Stress Disorder and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Yehuda, Rachel; Wong, Cpk

doi:10.1016/b978-012373947-6.00002-7

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Hence, the trauma, more often than not, is "inflicted" by caregivers or medical professionals. This view of trauma is consistent with other reports that show that traumatic stress symptoms are more likely to be reported in relation to events that are related to the deeds of other humans (e.g., combat experience, rape) rather than other types of traumatization (43).…”

Section: Nature Of the Stressorsupporting

confidence: 91%

PTSD in solid organ transplant recipients: Current understanding and future implications

Supelana

Annunziato

Kaplan

et al. 2015

Pediatric Transplantation

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Posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) are quite prevalent in transplant recipients, although full-scale posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may not be that common. Those symptoms have been linked to poor transplant outcomes, perhaps owing to nonadherence to medications and other recommendations, brought about by the avoidance dimension of the PTSD/PTSS construct (patients may avoid taking their medications because they serve as reminder of the emotionally traumatic event – the transplant). Since it is possible to treat PTSD via specific psychotherapeutic techniques, and the treatment has been shown to be safe and likely effective in other populations, it would appear that the practitioners who treat transplant recipients should be familiar with the presentation and treatment of those symptoms. The present manuscript provides a systematic literature review of the PTSD/PTSS presentation in the pediatric transplant setting, a synthesis of available research findings, and suggestions for current care and future research.

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Section: Nature Of the Stressorsupporting

confidence: 91%

PTSD in solid organ transplant recipients: Current understanding and future implications

Supelana

Annunziato

Kaplan

et al. 2015

Pediatric Transplantation

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“…Such symptoms are often connected to encounters with “triggers,” or stimuli, which remind the afflicted individual of the antecedent stressor and lead to intrusion symptoms (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). The desire to avoid triggers or triggering situations leads individuals afflicted with PTSD to live in a state of constant hypervigilance and hyperarousal (Yehuda & Davidson, 2000). These states can make PTSD sufferers irritable, sensitive to stress, and quick to anger (American Psychiatric Association, 2013; Stam, 2007).…”

Section: Ptsd As a Risk Factor For Engagement In Violent Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

PTSD as a Risk Factor for the Development of Violence Among Juvenile Offenders: A Group-Based Trajectory Modeling Approach

Wojciechowski

2017

J Interpers Violence

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Violent offending is a public health problem disproportionately perpetrated by adolescents. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been identified as a risk factor that increases an individual's odds of engaging in violent behavior. Juvenile offenders are a population indicated to be at high risk of the development and perpetuation of violent behavior across the life course. Despite the fact that PTSD also has a high prevalence among juvenile offenders, there has yet to be any research examining PTSD as a risk factor for violent offending among juvenile offenders. Furthermore, very little research has examined the development specifically of violent offending across adolescence among juvenile offenders. Using group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM), this research found four distinct violence trajectories that juvenile offenders followed through adolescence (Abstaining, Moderate Stable, Desisting, High Chronic). Using multinomial logistic regression, PTSD was found to more than double the risk of assignment to all three trajectory groups that demonstrated violent behavior at some point in adolescence relative to the Abstaining reference group. This research adds to the limited research conducted on the development of violent behavior through adolescence among juvenile offenders using the GBTM method. Furthermore, results indicate that PTSD is a risk factor for the perpetration of violent behavior. These results suggest that juvenile offenders may desist from violence even after high rates of violence have already been achieved and that screening of trauma victims may be important for providing juvenile offenders suffering from PTSD with proper treatment to mitigate risk of violent behavior.

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“…Inclusion criteria for the studied population were (1) speaking/understanding Swedish, (2) no plans for legal termination of pregnancy, and (3) absence of obstetric complications that needed specialist ultrasound examination. Of 1974 eligible women, 1224 (62%) participated at time 1 (pregnancy week [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. At time 2 (pregnancy week 32), 273 women dropped out compared with time 1, leaving 951 women for analysis (78% of 1224).…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…torture), only a small proportion of people who have been exposed to a trau-matic event develop PTSD. [10][11][12] Although several studies have identified a dose-response relationship between severity of the stressor and PTSD, some have not. 13,14 However, it seems that severity as well as pre-trauma characteristics are involved in the development of PTSD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors in pregnancy for post‐traumatic stress and depression after childbirth

Söderquist

Wijma

Thorbert³

et al. 2009

BJOG

274

196

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Objective The objective of this study was to find risk factors in pregnancy for post-traumatic stress and depression 1 month after childbirth. Furthermore, the relation between post-traumatic stress and depression was explored.Design A prospective longitudinal study.Setting Pregnant women in Linköping and Kalmar, Sweden.Population A total of 1224 women were assessed in pregnancy, week 12-20 and 32, as well as 1 month postpartum.Methods Post-traumatic stress and depression after delivery were assessed 1 month postpartum. Potential risk factors were assessed in early and late pregnancy. Variables measured during pregnancy were trait anxiety, depression, fear of childbirth, childbirth-related traumatic stress, stress coping capacity, social support, parity, educational level, age, gestation week, parity, educational level, civil status, previous psychological/psychiatric counselling, and previous experience of any traumatic events. Delivery mode was assessed from the medical records.Main outcome measures Prevalence of post-traumatic stress (criteria A, B, C, D, E, and F according to Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV)) and depression (Beck's depression inventory).Results One month postpartum, 12 (1.3%) women had posttraumatic stress (met symptom criteria B, C, and D for posttraumatic stress disorder according to Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th edition [DSM-IV]). The most important risk factors in pregnancy were depression in early pregnancy (OR = 16.3), severe fear of childbirth (OR = 6.2), and 'pre'-traumatic stress (in view of the forthcoming delivery) in late pregnancy (OR = 12.5). The prevalence of depression was 5.6%. Post-traumatic stress and depression were positively related 1 month postpartum and were predicted by mainly the same factors.Conclusions Risk factors for post-traumatic stress and depression after childbirth can be assessed in early pregnancy. Post-traumatic stress and depression also seem to share the same underlying vulnerability factors.

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Acute Stress Disorder and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Cited by 11 publications

References 3 publications

PTSD in solid organ transplant recipients: Current understanding and future implications

PTSD in solid organ transplant recipients: Current understanding and future implications

PTSD as a Risk Factor for the Development of Violence Among Juvenile Offenders: A Group-Based Trajectory Modeling Approach

Risk factors in pregnancy for post‐traumatic stress and depression after childbirth

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