Acute stress disorder, PTSD and depression in a clinic-based sample of patients with HIV/AIDS

The Differential Impact of PTSD and Depression on HIV Disease Markers and Adherence to HAART in People Living with HIV

“…Rates increase dramatically in samples of chronically ill patients or individuals with serious medical conditions, with 20-25% of patients meeting diagnostic criteria for clinical depression at some point during the course of their disease (American Psychiatric Association, 1994). Reported rates of depression are even higher in PLWH, ranging from 5 to 42% (Chandra et al, 1998;Fulk et al, 2004;Ickovics et al, 2001;Komiti et al, 2003;Rabkin, 1996;Spiegel et al, 2003).…”

“…Depressive symptoms are commonly reported by PLWH (Ickovics et al, 2001;Komiti et al, 2003;Spiegel et al, 2003). Lifetime rates of clinical depression in the general adult population range from 5 to 9% for women and from 2 to 3% for men (American Psychiatric Association, 1994).…”

Incidence and Impact of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Comorbid Depression on Adherence to HAART and CD4+Counts in People Living with HIV

“…[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] These disorders are also common in PLWH, with prevalence rates of depression (5%-40%) and PTSD (22%-64%) in PLWH being exponentially higher than in healthy community samples. [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] Existing research has focused on the independent impact of PTSD and depression on adherence and disease course in PLWH, despite the fact that these disorders often occur together, with rates of comorbidity ranging from 20% to 65%. [34][35][36][37] In light of recent research suggesting that the presence of depressive symptoms may alter biologic abnormalities associated with PTSD, [38][39][40][41][42] we sought to determine the extent to which comorbid depression and PTSD symptoms influenced medication adherence and subsequent markers of disease progression (i.e., CD4 cell counts) in PLWH.…”

Triple Challenges of Psychosocial Factors, Substance Abuse, and HIV/AIDS Risky Behaviors in People Living with HIV/AIDS

“…Another study found similar levels, as 35% of participants screened positive for depression (Pence, et al, 2007a). Additionally, studies have indicated higher rates of depression symptoms, ranging between 26% and 49%, in HIV-positive people compared with HIV-negative control groups (Boarts et al, 2006;Spiegel et al, 2003;Ickovic et al, 2001;Pence et al, 2006). The association between depression and substance abuse in predicting HIV/AIDS-risky behaviors has been examined and presented in this chapter.…”