Acute/Subacute and Sub-Chronic Oral Toxicity of a Hidroxytyrosol-Rich Virgin Olive Oil Extract

Rodríguez-Lara, Avilene; Mesa, María Dolores; Aragón‐Vela, Jerónimo; Casuso, Rafael A.; Casals, Cristina; Zuniga, José M; Huertas, Jesús R.

doi:10.3390/nu11092133

Cited by 22 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The dilution was adjusted weekly according to the weight of each rat and its average water intake. Further details on the supplementation and extraction protocol can be found elsewhere (Rodríguez‐Lara et al, 2019). Supplementation stopped 12 hr before rats were euthanized.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroxytyrosol modifies skeletal muscle GLUT4/AKT/Rac1 axis in trained rats

Casuso

Fazazi

Ruiz‐Ojeda

et al. 2020

Journal Cellular Physiology

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Training induces a number of healthy effects including a rise in skeletal muscle (SKM) glucose uptake. These adaptations are at least in part due to the reactive oxygen species produced within SKM, which is in agreement with the notion that antioxidant supplementation blunts some training-induced adaptations. Here, we tested whether hydroxytyrosol (HT), the main polyphenol of olive oil, would modify the molecular regulators of glucose uptake when HT is supplemented during exercise. Rats were included into sedentary and exercised (EXE) groups. EXE group was further divided into a group consuming a low HT dose (0.31 mg•kg•d; EXElow), a moderate HT dose (4.61 mg•kg•d; EXEmid), and a control group (EXE). EXE raised glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) protein content, Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) activity, and protein kinase b (AKT) phosphorylation in SKM. Furthermore, EXElow blunted GLUT4 protein content and AKT phosphorylation while EXEmid showed a downregulation of the GLUT4/AKT/Rac1 axis. Hence, a low-to-moderate dose of HT, when it is supplemented as an isolated compound, might alter the beneficial effect of training on basal AKT phosphorylation and Rac1 activity in rats.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroxytyrosol modifies skeletal muscle GLUT4/AKT/Rac1 axis in trained rats

Casuso

Fazazi

Ruiz‐Ojeda

et al. 2020

Journal Cellular Physiology

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“…Biochemical parameters AST, ALT, ALP, 51 bilirubin, urea, creatinine, HDL, LDL, VLDL, and total cholesterol were measured using specific kits of the chemistry analyzer (Merck, USA). 52 Serum was collected by putting the blood into the EDTA free tube; it was centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 15 min. Serum was separated, and TSH, T3, and T4 levels were measured using ELISA kits.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicological Screening of 4-Phenyl-3,4-dihydrobenzo[h]quinolin-2(1H)-one: A New Potential Candidate for Alzheimer’s Treatment

et al. 2021

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Toxicity studies are necessary for the development of a new drug. Naphthalene is a bicyclic molecule and is easy to derivatize. In our previous study, a derivative of naphthalene (4-phenyl,3,4-dihydrobenzoquinoline-2( H )one) was synthesized and reported its in vitro activity on different enzymes. This study was a probe to investigate the toxicity potential of that compound (SF3). Acute oral (425), subacute (407), and teratogenicity (414) studies were planned according to their respective guidelines given by organization of economic cooperation and development (OECD). Acute oral, subacute, and teratogenicity studies were carried out on 2000, 5–40, and 40 mg/kg doses. Blood samples were collected for hematological and biochemical analyses. Vital organs were excised for oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, and malondialdehyde) and histopathological analysis. LD 50 of SF3 was higher than 2000 mg/kg. In acute and subacute studies, levels of alkaline phosphates and aspartate transaminase were increased. Teratogenicity showed no resorptions, no skeletal or soft tissue abnormalities, and no cleft pallet. Oxidative stress biomarkers were close to the normal, and no increase in the malondialdehyde level was seen. Histopathological studies revealed normal tissue architecture of the selected organs, except kidney, in acute oral and subacute toxicity studies at 40 mg/kg. The study concluded that SF3 is safer if used as a drug.

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“…wt./day was given orally daily at 9:00 am as previously described by [12]. Rodríguez-Lara et al,2019 stated that in rats the oral Lethal Dose fifty (LD 50 ) is >2,000 mg/kg and demonstrated no toxic effect of a dose of 300 mg/kg/d of a VOO extract rich in hydroxytyrosol, in an acute single dose, subacute 14-days supplementation with a maximum dose (2000 mg/kg/d), and after the sub-chronic supplementation during 90 days with 100 mg/kg/d, 300 mg/kg/d and 1000 mg/kg/d, according to the OECD-408 guidelines [13].…”

Section: Extra Virgin Olive Oil (Evoo)mentioning

confidence: 96%

The Enhanced Beneficial Effect of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Over Evening Primrose Oil on Oxidative Stress, and Liver Function in Male Arthritic Rats

Kandeil

Ebrahim

Mahmoud

2021

JPRI

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Aims: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by the onset of oxidative stress. This study aimed to evaluate the enhancing of extra virgin olive (EVOO) and Evening primrose oil (EPO) on oxidative stress and liver enzymes in male Wistar rats and compare between them. Place and Duration: Faculty of Science biochemistry department, Between July 2018 and August 2018. Methodology: A Subcutaneous injection of 200 µl of Freund's complete adjuvant into a footpad of the right hind leg of Wistar male rats at two consecutive days induced RA. Rats received EVOO and EPO daily by oral gavage needle with gauge 18 at doses of 5 mg/kg b.wt./day. for 10 and 21 days. No loss was recorded in the experimental rats. Results: A significant depletion in serum Reduced glutathione content (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and glutathione s transferase activities (GST) in arthritic rats compared to normal rats after 10 and 21 days of induction which improved significantly after 10 and 21 days of EPO and EVOO treatments. EPO and EVOO treatments for 21 days increased the GSH and GPX compared to 10 days treatments while no difference in GST activity. EVOO treatment improved GSH and GPX after 10 and 21 days than EPO treatment. The elevated uric acid levels in arthritic rats were markedly ameliorated as a result of EVOO and EPO treatment administration. Increased lipid peroxidation products (MDA), rheumatoid factor, and liver enzyme (Alanine transaminase ALT and Aspartate transaminase AST) were recorded in arthritic rats and they significantly progressed after EPO and EVOO treatments for 10 and 21 days but EVOO had the best effect at 21 days. Conclusion: EVOO and EPO showed significant antioxidant efficacies and improved affected liver enzymes due to rheumatoid arthritis onset. When comparing olive oil has more antioxidant properties than evening primrose oil, so we recommend more studies on olive oil combination with anti-arthritic medications to improve their efficacies with less toxicity.

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Acute/Subacute and Sub-Chronic Oral Toxicity of a Hidroxytyrosol-Rich Virgin Olive Oil Extract

Cited by 22 publications

References 26 publications

Hydroxytyrosol modifies skeletal muscle GLUT4/AKT/Rac1 axis in trained rats

Hydroxytyrosol modifies skeletal muscle GLUT4/AKT/Rac1 axis in trained rats

Toxicological Screening of 4-Phenyl-3,4-dihydrobenzo[h]quinolin-2(1H)-one: A New Potential Candidate for Alzheimer’s Treatment

The Enhanced Beneficial Effect of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Over Evening Primrose Oil on Oxidative Stress, and Liver Function in Male Arthritic Rats

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