Acute Superficial Peroneal Nerve Entrapment Mimicking Compartment Syndrome

Haddad, Stefanos F.; Harrington, Michael; Adams, Curtis; Arain, Abdul; Czajka, Cory M.

doi:10.2106/jbjs.cc.19.00137

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[56][57][58] Another case reported nerve entrapment due to herniation, but in this case, the SPN herniated with the peroneal muscles through a fascial tear, requiring surgical fasciotomy to release the intrafascial septum. 59 SPN compression due to ganglion cysts were seen in a case report of a young female dancer, requiring surgical cyst removal and nerve decompression to enable the patient to return to dancing. 60 Another case report described entrapment due to an SPN schwannoma, in which surgical removal of the schwannoma resulted in symptom resolution.…”

Section: Superficial Peroneal Nervementioning

confidence: 99%

An Update on Peroneal Nerve Entrapment and Neuropathy

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Peroneal neuropathy is the most common compressive neuropathy of the lower extremity. It should be included in the differential diagnosis for patients presenting with foot drop, the pain of the lower extremity, or numbness of the lower extremity. Symptoms of peroneal neuropathy may occur due to compression of the common peroneal nerve (CPN), superficial peroneal nerve (SPN), or deep peroneal nerve (DPN), each with different clinical presentations. The CPN is most commonly compressed by the bony prominence of the fibula, the SPN most commonly entrapped as it exits the lateral compartment of the leg, and the DPN as it crosses underneath the extensor retinaculum. Accurate and timely diagnosis of any peroneal neuropathy is important to avoid progression of nerve injury and permanent nerve damage. The diagnosis is often made with physical exam findings of decreased strength, altered sensation, and gait abnormalities. Motor nerve conduction studies, electromyography studies, and diagnostic nerve blocks can also assist in diagnosis and prognosis. First-line treatments include removing anything that may be causing external compression, providing stability to unstable joints, and reducing inflammation. Although many peroneal nerve entrapments will resolve with observation and activity modification, surgical treatment is often required when entrapment is refractory to these conservative management strategies. Recently, additional options including microsurgical decompression and percutaneous peripheral nerve stimulation have been reported; however, large studies reporting outcomes are lacking.

show abstract