Acute Toxic Plant Estimation in Grazing Sheep Ingesta and Feces

Cid, M. S.; López, Tomás; Yagueddú, Cristina; Brizuela, M. A.

doi:10.2307/4004038

Cited by 3 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…However, the percentage of recognizable fragments after digestion in this species is low (30%), and lower than that determined for other acute toxic species that also grow in the Buenos Aires province, such as duraznillo negro (73%) and sunchillo (51%) (Cid et al 2003), although the three of them had similar DM percentage (from 18% to 20%). The epidermis is covered by indigestible cutine that inhibits digestion, protecting cell walls of microbe attacks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…These percentages are lower than those found in other experiments of forced intoxication done with other acute toxic species. Cid et al (2003) reported recovers of 96.5, 92.2 and 92.0% of the amount supplied for duraznillo negro, romerillo and sunchillo, respectively. A low recovery of a toxic species fragments in the digesta of a dead animal could be related to their high degradation by digestion, or to their lost in the feces produced from intake to dead.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The density of unidentifiable fragments was also recorded. The mass of each toxic species in the digesta of each sheep was estimated by accounting for the percentage of recognizable fragments after digestion, following the steps describe by Cid et al (2003).…”

Section: Trial 2 (Intoxication Trial)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hoff), ´romerillo' (Baccharis coridifolia DC), and ´duraznillo negro´ (Cestrum parqui L'Hérit.). For these species, it has been experimentally demonstrated that the microhistological quantification of their remains in the rumen+reticulum content of dead animals provides accurate and precise estimations of percentages in the digesta (Yagueddú et al 1998, Cid et al 2003. As a consequence, the microhistological analysis of the digesta of dead animals in necropsies is usually utilized in diagnosis to confirm their ingestion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently diagnoses are made based on signs and clinical lesions. Microscopic evaluation of the ingesta for plant identification is a highly specialized technique that can be used to confirm toxic species ingestion (Yagueddú et al 1998, Cid et al 2003, Stegelmeier et al 2009), representing a complement to clinical and postmortem findings. The idea of using microscopic examination of the gastrointestinal contents to diagnose plant intoxications is not new but it has not been widely utilized until now, possibly because its use requires the identification of the epidermal features of the toxic species, their resistance to digestion, and also the evaluation of the distribution of their fragments throughout the digestive tract of animals experimentally poisoned.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diagnose of the ingestion of Asclepias mellodora St. Hil. by sheep through microhistological analysis of their digestive contents

Cid

Indurain

Odriozola³

et al. 2011

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

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Asclepias mellodora St. Hil. is a native acute toxic species frequent in the grasslands of the Buenos Aires province, Argentina, whose toxicity had not been assessed until now. This study evaluates the minimal lethal dose of this species for sheep, and the possibility of microscopically recognizing its fragments in gastrointestinal contents as a complementary diagnostic tool in necropsies. Three Frisona sheep (average LW=55±4.5 kg) were dosed via an esophageal tube with each one of the following doses of asclepias: 8.0, 5.0, 2.0 and 0.8 g DM.kg LW-1. Sheep poisoned with the three higher doses died between 10 and 85 h after intoxication, but those receiving the lower dose did not. During necropsies we: 1) determined the dry weight of the contents of rumen+reticulum, omasum+abomasum, and large intestine, 2) estimated the percentages of asclepias fragments by microanalysis correcting for digestion effects on fragment recognition, and 3) calculated the total mass of asclepias in the digestive tract of each animal. For the three higher doses, the mass of asclepias identified in the total ingesta was 12.3±3.4% of the amount supplied, possibly because of the strong diarrhea its ingestion produced. The percentages of asclepias in rumen+reticulum did not differ from the average quantified for the entire tract. The results of this study indicate that the minimal lethal doses of asclepias for sheep is between 2.0 and 0.8g DM·kg LW-1, and that the microhistological analysis of the rumen+reticulum, the easiest region to sample, can be used to confirm the ingestion of this toxic species, although the estimated percentage will be not a good estimator of the ingested percentage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Trial 2 (Intoxication Trial)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Diagnose of the ingestion of Asclepias mellodora St. Hil. by sheep through microhistological analysis of their digestive contents

Cid

Indurain

Odriozola³

et al. 2011

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

Self Cite

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Mortality of a captive axis deer (Axis axis) and a llama (Lama glama) due to ingestion of Wedelia glauca

et al. 2012

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The current study describes a naturally occurring cluster of cases of Wedelia glauca intoxication. Seven of 14 axis deer ( Axis axis) and 1 of 8 llamas ( Lama glama) in a zoo of Buenos Aires province, Argentina, died suddenly after ingestion of a new batch of alfalfa ( Medicago sativa) hay bales contaminated with the hepatotoxic plant W. glauca. Necropsies of 1 deer and 1 llama were performed. Pathological findings in both animals included severe diffuse acute centrilobular hepatocellular necrosis and hemorrhage, and clear yellowish translucent gelatinous edema on the wall of the gall bladder and the serosa of the choledochoduodenal junction. Fragments of W. glauca plants were identified in the hay based on the botanical characteristics of the leaves. Samples of gastric contents were examined by microhistological analysis, which identified epidermal fragments of W. glauca based on the presence of characteristic uniseriate glandular hairs (trichomes), confirming recent ingestion of W. glauca in both cases. The fragments were quantified and represented 5% of all examined vegetal fragments in the deer and 10% in the llama.

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Grass-Fed Beef Production Systems of Argentina's Flooding Pampas

Cid¹,

Grecco²,

Oesterheld³

et al. 2011

Outlook Agric

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The homogeneous topography of Argentina's flooding pampas conceals a substantial amount of spatial and temporal ecosystem heterogeneity. Differences in soils, grassland botanical composition and plant growth regimes that occur down to individual paddocks influence livestock grazing patterns and, predictably, affect the productivity of cattle ranches in the region. Over 40 years of ecological research have greatly improved understanding of the structural and functional heterogeneity of this ecosystem. This better understanding has led to the development of grazing management strategies that help ranchers optimize secondary production by achieving a more efficient use of vegetation. As a result, cattle ranches are rapidly increasing profitability by integrating grass-fed yearling finishing programmes with the traditional cow-calf operations of the region.

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Acute Toxic Plant Estimation in Grazing Sheep Ingesta and Feces

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Diagnose of the ingestion of Asclepias mellodora St. Hil. by sheep through microhistological analysis of their digestive contents

Diagnose of the ingestion of Asclepias mellodora St. Hil. by sheep through microhistological analysis of their digestive contents

Mortality of a captive axis deer (Axis axis) and a llama (Lama glama) due to ingestion of Wedelia glauca

Grass-Fed Beef Production Systems of Argentina's Flooding Pampas

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