Acute toxicity and general pharmacological effect on central nervous system of the crude rhizome extract of Kyllinga brevifolia Rottb.

Hellión-Ibarrola, M.C.; Ibarrola, D.A.; Montalbetti, Y.; Villalba, D.; Heinichen, O.; Ferro, Esteban

doi:10.1016/s0378-8741(99)00002-1

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The novelty induced rearing, spontaneous locomotor activity and sleep prolongation are all mediated by serotonin (5HT), dopamine, GABA, opioid and GABA-benzodiazepine receptors complex (Ajayi and Ukponmwan, 1994;Haefely, 1984;Hellion-Ibarrola et al, 1990). Additional studies will be necessary to ascertain if other neurotransmitters and their receptors (5HT and dopamine,) are also involved in the observed inhibitory effects of the extract of the leaves of S. cayennensis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedative and anxiolytic effects of the extracts of the leaves of <i>Stachytarpheta Cayennensis</i> in mice

Olayiwola

Ukponmwan²,

Olawode³

2013

Afr. J. Trad. Compl. Alt. Med.

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The leaves are used ethnomedicinally in Nigeria and other parts of the world for insomnia and anxiety among other uses. The investigations sought scientific evidence for the ethnomedicinal use of the leaves for the management of insomnia and anxiety as well as the neural mechanisms for the activities. The sedative and anxiolytic effects of the extracts of the leaves of Stachytarpheta cayennensis were examined in this study. The methanolic extract (5-50 mg/kg, i.p.) as well as the ethylacetate (10-50 mg/kg, i.p.), butanol and aqueous fractions (5-50 mg/kg, i.p.) of the extract were examined. Sedation was assessed as reduced novelty-induced rearing (NIR), reduced spontaneous locomotor activity (SLA) and increased pentobarbitone-induced sleeping time (PIST) in mice. The anti-anxiety effect (methanol 2.5-5.0; butanol 5.0; aqueous 20.0; ethylacetate 25.0 mg/kg, i.p.) was assessed using an elevated plus maze. LD 50 was calculated for the extract and the fractions after the intraperitoneal route of administration using the Locke method. The methanolic extract, the butanol and the aqueous fractions inhibited rearing and spontaneous locomotion but prolonged pentobarbitone induced sleep. The ethylacetate fraction however increased both rearing and locomotion and decreased pentobarbitone sleeping time. The butanol and aqueous fractions, but not the methanol extract showed indices of open arm avoidance consistent with anti-anxiety effect. Naltrexone (2.5 mg/kg, i.p.) reversed the inhibition of rearing, locomotion and prolongation of pentobarbitone sleep due to the aqueous fraction of the extract. Flumazenil (2mg/kg, i.p.) abolished the effects of both methanolic extract and the butanol fraction on rearing, locomotion, pentobarbitone sleep and anxiety model. The methanolic extract, the butanol and aqueous fractions possess sedative activity while the ethylacetate fraction possesses stimulant property. The anxiolytic effect was found in both the aqueous fraction and the butanol fraction but not in the main methanol extract and also not in the ethylacetate fraction. Flumazenil, blocked the effect of the leaves of Stachytarpheta cayennensis on rearing, locomotion and elevated plus maze suggesting that GABA receptors are involved in the observed sedative and anxiolytic activities. This study also found opioid receptors involved in the sedative activity of the leaves of Stachytarpheta cayennensis. The rationale for the ethnomedicinal use of the leaves for the management of insomnia and anxiety were confirmed scientifically in this study.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedative and anxiolytic effects of the extracts of the leaves of <i>Stachytarpheta Cayennensis</i> in mice

Olayiwola

Ukponmwan²,

Olawode³

2013

Afr. J. Trad. Compl. Alt. Med.

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“…In this study, novelty-induced rearing which is a measure of a central nervous system excitation (Labella et al, 1979a,b) was used to test the sedative properties of the extracts. This inhibition in noveltyinduced rearing behavior suggests that the extracts of Crassocephalum bauchiense possess a central nervous action (Lu, 1998;Hellion-lbarrola et al, 1999). The novelty-induced rearing behavior response is regulated by multiple neurotransmitter systems; such transmitters include GABA A , opioid and dopamine D-2 receptors (Walting, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antipsychotic and sedative effects of the leaf extract of Crassocephalum bauchiense (Hutch.) Milne-Redh (Asteraceae) in rodents

Taïwé

Bum

Talla

et al. 2012

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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“…In this study, novelty-induced rearing which is a measure of a central nervous system excitation (Labella et al, 1979) was used to test the sedative properties of the extracts. This inhibition in novelty-induced rearing behaviour suggests that the extract possesses sedative action (Lu, 1998;Hellion-lbarrola et al, 1999). The novelty-induced rearing behaviour response is regulated by multiple neurotransmitter systems; such transmitters include gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), opioid and dopamine receptors (Walting and Keith, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is possible that the sedative effect of the extracts is mediated by such GABAergic mechanism, since it is known that GABAergic transmission produced profound sedation in mice (Costall et al, 1981;Medina, 1990;Gottesmann, 2002). The novelty-induced rearing activity and sleep prolongation are mediated by opioid, dopamine and GABA receptors complex (Stahle and Ungerrtedt, 1987;Ajayi and Ukponmwan, 1994;Hellion-lbarrola et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedative, antiepileptic and antipsychotic effects of Spondias mombin L. (Anacardiaceae) in mice and rats

Ayoka

Akomolafe

Iwalewa

et al. 2006

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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Acute toxicity and general pharmacological effect on central nervous system of the crude rhizome extract of Kyllinga brevifolia Rottb.

Cited by 27 publications

References 5 publications

Sedative and anxiolytic effects of the extracts of the leaves of <i>Stachytarpheta Cayennensis</i> in mice

Sedative and anxiolytic effects of the extracts of the leaves of <i>Stachytarpheta Cayennensis</i> in mice

Antipsychotic and sedative effects of the leaf extract of Crassocephalum bauchiense (Hutch.) Milne-Redh (Asteraceae) in rodents

Sedative, antiepileptic and antipsychotic effects of Spondias mombin L. (Anacardiaceae) in mice and rats

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