Acute Toxicity and Genotoxic Activity of Leunca (Solanum nigrum L.) Herb Ethanolic Extract

Rumiyati, Rumiyati; Muna, Laili Nailul; Hidayati, Devi Nisa; Jenie, Riris Istighfari

doi:10.14499/indonesianjcanchemoprev6iss1pp30-34

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…These findings are similar to that obtained in this study. No death might have been observed because SNWL did not affect performance of the vital organs [34]. Findings from this study showed that the SNWL (50-1000mg/kg body weight), did not cause the death of the animals.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…Raju et al [33] worked on the extracts of the fruits of Solanum nigrum and arrived at an LD 50 value of 2g/kg for the ethanol extract and 4g/kg body weight for the methanol extract. Rumiyati et al [34] also worked on the ethanolic extracts of the leaves of S. nigrum. They observed that treatment of animals with the highest dose (1000mg/kg body weight), did not cause the death of the animal groups.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of the Antioxidant Potential and Toxicity of the Whole Leaf of Solanum Nigrum in Albino Rats

Saibu

Adu

2020

JRRS

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Introduction: Solanum nigrum is a common herb that grows wild and abundantly in open fields. Solanum nigrum has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties. Most animal studies have been on the aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Solanum nigrum leaf, this study focuses on the whole leaf. Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the antioxidant potential and effect of the whole leaf of S. nigrum on liver function parameters in rats. Materials and Methods: Fifteen male Wistar rats were divided into three groups of 5 rats each. Solanum nigrum leaves rinsed,air-dried, milled and administered orally to the rats at two doses (100mg/kg and 200mg/kg body weight in 1% CMC) for seven days. The control group received 1ml of 1% CMC orally for seven days. On the eight day, animals were sacrificed and cardiac blood collected into plain bottles. Standard methods were used to determine serum nitric oxide, lipid peroxidation, gluthathione peroxidase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin. One gram portion of the organs (heart, kidney, liver and spleen) were fixed in formal saline for histopathological examination of 2 animals per group. Results: Solanum nigrum had an LD50 greater than 1000mg/kg body weight without symptoms associated with toxicity. Nitric oxide concentration was significantly lower (p<0.05) in the S. nigrum groups (92.0-118.33mM) compared to the control (238.00mM) whereas gluthathione peroxidase was significantly increased (p<0.05) compared to the control group. The effects on these parameters were not dose dependent. There was no significant change in liver function parameters in all the groups. The histopathological screening of the control and test groups showed normal profile indicating no morphological alterations in the heart, liver, kidney and spleen of the rats. Conclusion: This results indicates the antioxidant effect of Solanum nigrum leaf. It also showed that the consumption of S. nigrum leaves at the chosen doses had no adverse effect on the organs of the rats. Further work will need to be done at higher doses, for longer duration and on both sexes of animals.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Antioxidant Potential and Toxicity of the Whole Leaf of Solanum Nigrum in Albino Rats

Saibu

Adu

2020

JRRS

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“…Leunca (Solanum nigrum L.) has been known to have cytotoxic effect against on several cancer cells (Sarmoko, et al, 2011;Maruti, et al, 2011;Moglad, 2018;Churiyah, et al, 2020). SNE was found to have low genotoxicity activity and acute toxicity on mice (Rumiyati, et al, 2015). This study investigated the cytotoxic of SNE on MCF-7 cells (Figure 1), with IC 50 50 µg/mL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on previous research, Solanum nigrum L. has cytotoxic activity on cancer cells by inducing apoptosis, G2/M cell cycle arrest, and autophagy (Elbehairi, et al 2020;Butt, et al, 2018;Ling, et al, 2019;Shirkavad, et al, 2019). The combination treatment of Leunca with chemotherapy agent increases the chemotherapy's sensitivity in vitro and reduces the toxicity in vivo (Sarmoko, et al, 2011;Maruti, et al,2011;Rumiyati, et al, 2015). Co-chemotherapy increased the chemotherapeutic efficacy and reduced the resistance evidence on chemotherapy, allowing chemotherapy on the lower dosage of a chemotherapy agent that use for therapy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solanum nigrum Ethanolic Extract (SNE) Increases Cytotoxic Activity of Doxorubicin on MCF-7 Cell

Putri

Rivanti

Istiaji

et al. 2021

Indones J Cancer Chemoprevent

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Leunca (Solanum nigrum L.) is a potential source of natural anticancer agents. Solanum nigrum L. ethanolic extract (SNE) has cytotoxic activity in several cancer cell lines. We aimed to evaluate the ability of SNE to increase MCF-7 cell sensitivity to doxorubicin as a chemotherapeutic agent for breast cancer. Cell viability of SNE and its combination treatment with doxorubicin were conducted by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2.5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and apoptosis assay was analyzed by Ethidium bromide-acridine orange method. The SNE showed a cytotoxic effect in the MCF-7 cell line with IC50 50 μg/mL. Combination treated DOX-SNE resulted in a combination index (CI) value of 0.21, indicating strong synergism SNE and doxorubicin. The SNE 25 μg/mL combined with doxorubicin 100 nM optimally induced apoptosis of MCF-7 cells. We concluded that SNE is the potential to be developed as a co-chemotherapeutic agent through apoptosis induction though the molecular mechanism need to explore.Keywords: Solanum nigrum L. herb ethanolic extract, doxorubicin, MCF-7, apoptosis.

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“…In the last decade, researches on leunca in Indonesia, have mainly focused on its three aspects, mainly pharmacological (Rumiyati et al 2015;Istiadji 2010), agronomical (Santosa et al 2015), economical (Soetiarso 2010b;Yurlisa 2016), and its medicinal utilization aspect by local people (Putri et al 2016). Although leunca is mentioned earlier as one of important vegetable crops in some villages of Bandung, West Java, research on ethnobotany of leunca as vegetable has rarely carried out in rural areas of West Java.…”

Section: B I O D I V E R S I T a Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Leunca (Solanum americanum Mill.): The uses as vegetable in two villages in Upper Citarum Area, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia

Mulyanto¹,

Iskandar²,

Abdoellah³

et al. 2018

Biodiversitas

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Abstract. Prihatini J, Iskandar J, Partasasmita R, Nurjaman D. 2018. The impacts of traditional homegarden conversion into the commercial one: A case study in Sukapura Village of the Upstream Citarum Watershed, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1926-1940. In the past, rural homegardens in West Java were planted with various annual and perennial crops. As a result, the vegetation structure of traditional homegardens in rural areas of West Java, Indonesia was very complex, similar to that of forest vegetation. Nowadays, however, due to rapid development of market economic system in rural areas, many traditional homegardens in West Java have been converted into the commercial ones. Consequently, the structure and functions of the homegardens have drastically changed. For example, the vegetation structure has become simpler and dominated by commercial crops, and the gardens serve mostly economic function instead of providing various ecological, socio-economic and cultural functions. The aim of this study was to elucidate: (i) the ecological history of traditional homegardens, (ii) the changes of structure and functions of the homegardens converted from the traditional into the commercial one, and (iii) the positive and negative impacts of conversion of the traditional homegardens into the commercial ones in the Village of Sukapura, the Subdistrict of Kertasari, the District of Bandung, Upstream Citarum Watershed, West Java. The combination of qualitative and quantitative methods were used, while some techniques, including observations, and in-depth interviews with competent informants were applied in this study. The results of study showed that initially the traditional homegardens in Kertasari Village had been predominantly cropped with various annual and perennial crops. However, due to market economic development, the homegardens have been drastically changed. For example, the commercial vegetable crops, including Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L), carrot (Daucus carota L) and cabbage (Brassica oleracea var capitata) have been predominantly cultivated in the commercial homegardens. Consequently, the household income of the village people who own the commercial homegardens increased, however, some ecological and socio-cultural functions of the commercial homegardens drastically decreased. In addition, some negative impacts of the commercialization of the homegardens have occurred. We suggest that to develop the sustainable village homegardens for the future, the diversity of plants must be maintained to provide ecological function or ecosystem services and the economic production must be improved to increase the income of the rural people.

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Acute Toxicity and Genotoxic Activity of Leunca (Solanum nigrum L.) Herb Ethanolic Extract

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

Investigation of the Antioxidant Potential and Toxicity of the Whole Leaf of Solanum Nigrum in Albino Rats

Investigation of the Antioxidant Potential and Toxicity of the Whole Leaf of Solanum Nigrum in Albino Rats

Solanum nigrum Ethanolic Extract (SNE) Increases Cytotoxic Activity of Doxorubicin on MCF-7 Cell

Leunca (Solanum americanum Mill.): The uses as vegetable in two villages in Upper Citarum Area, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia

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