Acylphenols and Dimeric Acylphenols from the Genus Myristica: A Review of Their Phytochemistry and Pharmacology

Abstract

The genus Myristica is a medicinally important genus belonging to the Myristicaceae. Traditional medicinal systems in Asia have employed plants from the genus Myristica to treat a variety of ailments. Acylphenols and dimeric acylphenols are a rare group of secondary metabolites, which, to date, have only been identified in the Myristicaceae, in particular, in the genus Myristica. The aim of the review would be to provide scientific evidence that the medicinal properties of the genus Myristica could be attributed to the acylphenols and dimeric acylphenols present in the various parts of its plants and highlight the potential in the development of the acylphenols and dimeric acylphenols as pharmaceutical products. SciFinder-n, Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and PubMed were used to conduct the literature search between 2013–2022 on the phytochemistry and the pharmacology of acylphenols and dimeric acylphenols from the genus Myristica. The review discusses the distribution of the 25 acylphenols and dimeric acylphenols within the genus Myristica, their extraction, isolation, and characterization from the respective Myristica species, the structural similarities and differences within each group and between the different groups of the acylphenols and dimeric acylphenols, and their in vitro pharmacological activities.

Amazon Plant‐Derived Compounds Suppressing Dengue NS5 Protein: Insights from Computational Drug Development and Network Pharmacology Approach

“…Previous data demonstrated that, this ferocious virus is spreading and poses a great threat over four billion populations of 128 tropical and sub‐tropical countries [1] . Most importantly, approximately 390 million population infected, and among of them more than 20,000 die in a yearly basis due to dengue viral infections [2,3] . Dengue is a microorganism from Flaviviridae family, more specifically belongs to Flavivirus genus transmitted and infected the human through female Aedes mosquito bites [4] .…”

“…[1] Most importantly, approximately 390 million population infected, and among of them more than 20,000 die in a yearly basis due to dengue viral infections. [2,3] Dengue is a microorganism from Flaviviridae family, more specifically belongs to Flavivirus genus transmitted and infected the human through female Aedes mosquito bites. [4] Flavivirus genus has different four different serotypes, commonly identified as DENV-1 to DENV-4, among them DENV-1 was first detected and isolated in Japan in 1943 additionally, a new serotype DENV-5 was isolated recently in Malaysia in 2007 from the dengue the infected patient's blood (Figure 1).…”

Phytochemical Composition and Biological Activity

“…This covers their extraction, isolation, and characterization among the respective Myristica species, discussing the structural similarities and differences within and between each group of acylphenol and dimeric acylphenol. Finally, the review also examines these compounds' in vitro pharmacological activities [10].…”