Ad hoc quality of service multicast routing

Abstract

The conceptual shift in the expectations of the wireless users from voice towards multimedia, from availability towards acceptable quality, and from stand-alone towards group-oriented computing has a significant impact on today's networks in terms of the need for mobility, quality of service (QoS) and multicasting. Ad hoc networks, being independent of any fixed infrastructure, can provide mobile users with these features, if necessary QoS multicasting strategies are developed. The aim of this article is to define the building blocks of such an ad hoc QoS multicasting (AQM) protocol. AQM achieves multicasting efficiency by tracking the availability of resources for each node within its neighbourhood. Computation of free bandwidth is based on reservations made for ongoing sessions and similar information reported by neighbours. Current QoS status is announced at the initiation of a new session and updated periodically in the network to the extent of QoS provision. Thus, nodes are prevented from applying for membership if there is no QoS path for the session. When nodes join a session with certain service requirements, a request-reply-reserve process ensures that the QoS information is refreshed and used to select the most appropriate routes. To evaluate the efficiency of AQM in providing multicast users with QoS and satisfying application requirements, two new performance metrics, member and session satisfaction grades are introduced. AQM is compared to a non-QoS scheme with particular emphasis on these criteria. Simulation results show that, by applying QoS restrictions, AQM significantly improves multicasting efficiency. Thus, QoS is both essential for and applicable to multicasting in order to support mobile multimedia applications in ad hoc networks. q

Know Your Neighbour: Packet Loss Correlation in IEEE 802.11b/g Multicast

“…has increased in resent years. In such services, distributing data using multicast provides an efficient utilization of the available bandwidth [1], and is considered a key technology in future wireless networks [2]. As a consequence a large research effort has been put into designing multicast protocols for routing and data distribution, especially in Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) and Mobile Ad-hoc NETworks (MANETs).…”

Routing protocols in ad hoc networks: A survey

“…A similar technique is applied for the bandwidth requirement where source nodes indicate their bandwidth requirements and intermediate nodes compare their available bandwidth before forwarding the packet. [22]: Bur and Ersoy propose the AQM protocol which tracks QoS availability within the neighborhood of every node based on the requirements and announces it during the session initiation. In order to join a session, the nodes go through a request-reply-reserve procedure that ensures the QoS information is updated and a possible route is selected.…”

“…QoS assurance almost always conflicts with resource conservation, as nodes with move advantageous locations or higher bandwidth will tend to become overloaded. From the surveyed protocols, the ones considering QoS are: QMRPCAH [67] (soft Qos), QoS multicast routing using multiple paths/trees [128], QoS aware multicast routing [114], AQM [22].…”

A comparative analysis on qos multicast routing protocols in MANETs

“…QoS assurance almost always conflicts with resource conservation, as nodes with move advantageous locations or higher bandwidth will tend to become overloaded. From the surveyed protocols, the ones considering QoS are: QMRPCAH [5] (soft Qos), QoS multicast routing using multiple paths/trees [6], QoS aware multicast routing [12], AQM [13]. My future work includes designing a better qos performance routing lgorithm.…”