Ad Libitum Fluid Intake Does Not Prevent Dehydration in Suboptimally Hydrated Young Soccer Players During a Training Session of a Summer Camp

Arnaoutis, Giannis; Kavouras, Stavros A.; Kotsis, Yiannis P.; Tsekouras, Yiannis E.; Makrillos, Michalis; Bardis, Costas N.

doi:10.1123/ijsnem.23.3.245

Cited by 46 publications

(49 citation statements)

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“…The body weight and USG data indicate the sailors were becoming hypohydrated with concomitant increases in thirst sensation. These findings are in agreement with Arnaoutis et al, which found that ad libitum fluid intake did not prevent dehydration in 54 of 66 (82%) young soccer players that started their practice with USG greater than 1.020 during a summer camp (Arnaoutis et al, 2013). Two studies have examined change in performance and physiological markers in young athletes with similar values of dehydration exhibited in the current study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…The data collected in the current study align with previous studies suggesting young athletes arrive to competition underhydrated (Arnaoutis et al, 2015;Arnaoutis et al, 2013;Da Silva et al, 2012;Yeargin et al, 2010). On day 3 and day 4 of the competition sailors arrived with USG greater than 1.020, a value indicative of suboptimal hydration (Sawka et al, 2007 (McDermott et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

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Progressive Dehydration in Junior Laser Class Sailors During World Championship

Arnaoutis

Verginadis

Seal

et al. 2018

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism

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The purpose of this manuscript is to assess hydration status of elite young sailing athletes during World Championship competition. 12 young elite male Laser Class sailors (age: 15.8±1.1 y, height: 1.74±0.1 m, weight: 65.1±1.5 kg, body fat: 12.5±3.1%, training experience: 7.0±1.2 y) participated in this descriptive study. After three-day baseline bodyweight measurements, hydration status was assessed via pre-and post-race body weights, urine specific gravity, and thirst ratings via a visual analog scale during 4 consecutive days of racing.Measurements and data collection took place at the same time each racing day, with mean environmental temperature, humidity, and wind speed at 23.0±0.8 o C, 64-70% and 9±1 knots, respectively. Average racing time was 130±9 min. Body weight was significantly decreased following each race-day as compared to pre-race values (day 1: -1.1±0.2, day 2: -2.5±0.1, day 3: -2.8±0.1, and day 4: -3.0±0.1% of body weight; P<0.05). The participants exhibited dehydration of -2.9±0.2 and -5.8±0.2% of body weight before and after the 4th racing day as compared to the 3-day baseline body weight. Urine specific gravity (pre -post  day 1:1.014-1.017; day 2: 1.019-1.024; day 3: 1.021-1.026; day 4: 1.022-1.027) and thirst (pre -post  day 1: 2.0-5.2; day 2: 3.2-5.5; day 3: 3.7-5.7; day 4: 3.8-6.8) were also progressively and significantly elevated throughout the four days of competition. The data revealed progressive dehydration throughout four consecutive days of racing as indicated by decreased body weight, elevated urine concentration, and high thirst.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Progressive Dehydration in Junior Laser Class Sailors During World Championship

Arnaoutis

Verginadis

Seal

et al. 2018

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism

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“…En varios estudios [6][7][8]10,17,18 se muestra que los jugadores no fueron capaces de reemplazar las pérdidas de agua por sudoración mediante la ingesta de agua ad libitum, como en el presente ensayo, mientras que otro estudio 24 obtuvo que una ingesta de líquido previamente prescrita se tradujo en una mayor ingesta por parte de los jugadores. Por lo que la prescripción de una ingesta determinada podría llegar a conseguir una mayor ingestión de agua y así disminuir la tasa de deshidratación durante la práctica deportiva.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Se determinó que los jugadores únicamente reemplazaron el 50% de la pérdida de agua corporal por sudoración por lo que sería necesario estrategias para mejorar la reposición de agua corporal para los jugadores que compiten en ambientes calurosos 7 . En otra investigación se evaluó el estado previo de hidratación y el balance hí-drico en 107 jugadores con unas condiciones ambientales de 27,2±2°C y 57±9% de humedad relativa donde se analizó el estado de hidratación a través del color y de la gravedad específica de la orina y a partir de cambios en el peso 8 . En dicha investigación se observó que el 90% de los jugadores comenzaron el entrenamiento en un estado de hipohidratación así como que el consumo ad libitum de agua no evitó una mayor deshidratación en la muestra analizada.…”

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Balance hídrico y consumo de agua ad libitum en futbolistas durante el entrenamiento

Hernández-Camacho¹,

Moya-Amaya²

2016

Rev Esp Nutr Hum Diet

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Introducción: Se conoce que la hidratación juega un papel crucial en el desempeño deportivo. Pero un gran número de estudios que evalúan la hidratación durante la práctica de fútbol han demostrado que gran cantidad de jugadores presentan un estado de deshidratación previo a la práctica de este deporte y que la mayoría de los futbolistas no son capaces de reponer la pérdida de agua por sudoración con la ingesta ad libitum.Objetivos: Analizar el consumo de agua ad libitum, el balance hídrico, la sensación de sed y la tasa de esfuerzo percibido en una muestra juvenil de jugadores de fútbol durante una sesión de entrenamiento.Material y Métodos: 57 jugadores de tres equipos de la categoría juvenil de la cantera de un club de fútbol participaron voluntariamente en el estudio mediante la recogida del peso al inicio y al final del entrenamiento, la sensación de sed, la tasa de esfuerzo percibido y la cuantificación del agua ingerida. Se utilizaron estadísticos descriptivos, correlaciones y análisis de proporciones.Resultados: La ingesta media del global de futbolistas estudiados fue 844,74±351,95mL y la pérdida media de agua corporal de 1274,56±385,82mL. Una tasa de deshidratación media respecto al peso inicial del 0,63%. Se obtuvo una puntuación media de 2,81±1,32 en la escala de sensación de sed. Discusión y conclusiones:Se obtienen tasas de pérdida de agua corporal similares a estudios previos. Los futbolistas no fueron capaces de reponer la pérdida de agua mediante la ingesta de líquido ad libitum, por lo que la ingesta de una cantidad pautada previamente podría llegar a ser de gran ayuda. PALABRAS CLAVE

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“…Preliminary evidence demonstrates a link between hydration and physical performance in children: improving hydration by providing education regarding the importance of hydration, a urine color scale [41] to assess the hydration before and after exercise, and by improving water access resulted in increased performance during an endurance run by athletic children [42]. This is relevant since some studies suggest that a majority of child athletes may be insufficiently hydrated before they start exercising [43,44]. While there are limited data concerning preexercise hydration status of children from the general population, research suggests that many of them have elevated urine concentration on a given "normal" day across various countries [45][46][47][48][49].…”

Section: Hydration Assessment Of Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydration in Children: What Do We Know and Why Does it Matter?

et al. 2019

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In children, maintaining adequate fluid intake and hydration is important for physiological reasons and for the adoption of healthy, sustainable drinking habits. In the Liq.In⁷ cross-sectional surveys involving 6,469 children (4–17 years) from 13 countries, 60% of children did not meet the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) adequate intake for water from fluids. Beyond fluid quantity, the quality of what children drink is important for health. In these surveys, the contribution of sugar-sweetened beverages and fruit juices to total fluid intake (TFI) in children exceeded that of water in 6 out of 13 countries. To assess the adequacy of children’s fluid intake, urinary biomarkers of hydration such as urine osmolality, urine specific gravity, and urine color may be used. To date, while there are no widely accepted specific threshold values for urine concentration to define adequate hydration in children, the available literature suggests that many children have highly concentrated urine, indicating insufficient fluid intake. This is worrisome since studies have demonstrated a relationship between low fluid intake or insufficient hydration and cognitive performance in children. Furthermore, results of the Liq.In⁷ surveys showed that at school – where children spend a significant amount of time and require optimal cognitive performance – children drink only 14% of their TFI. Consequently, it is pertinent to better understand the barriers to drinking water at school and encourage the promotion of water intake through multicomponent interventions that combine educational, environmental, and behavioral aspects to support adequate hydration as well as optimal cognition in children.

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Ad Libitum Fluid Intake Does Not Prevent Dehydration in Suboptimally Hydrated Young Soccer Players During a Training Session of a Summer Camp

Abstract: Approximately 90% of the young soccer players who began exercising under warm weather conditions were hypohydrated, while drinking ad libitum during practice did not prevent further dehydration in already dehydrated players.

Cited by 46 publications

References 43 publications

Progressive Dehydration in Junior Laser Class Sailors During World Championship

Progressive Dehydration in Junior Laser Class Sailors During World Championship

Balance hídrico y consumo de agua ad libitum en futbolistas durante el entrenamiento

Hydration in Children: What Do We Know and Why Does it Matter?

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