Adamantinoma‐like Ewing sarcoma of the thyroid

Jones, Robert; Maleki, Zahra

doi:10.1002/dc.24524

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Some perivascular arrangement of tumor cells may be seen [19]. Tumor cells may present as small blue round primitive cells high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio or epithelioid-looking cells with more abundant cytoplasm and with foci of squamous differentiation [17, 18]. Figure 2 shows an example of an ALES smear.…”

Section: Ewing Sarcomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytology of Undifferentiated Round-Cell Sarcomas of Bone and Soft Tissue: Ewing Sarcoma or Not Ewing Sarcoma, That Is the Question

Gajdzis

Klijanienko

2021

Acta Cytologica

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Background: Undifferentiated round-cell sarcomas (URCSs) of soft tissue and bone are a group of clinically heterogeneous tumors. Diagnosis of these malignancies is based mainly on recurrent genetic alterations. The most common and the best known representative of this group is Ewing sarcoma (ES) which is characterized by gene fusions including EWSR1 or FUS and ETS transcription factors family. Other newly described entities are CIC-rearranged sarcoma, sarcoma with BCOR genetic alterations, and round-cell sarcoma with EWSR1-non-ETS fusions. All these novel tumors are known as Ewing-like sarcomas. Summary: It is believed that morphologic features of ES and Ewing-like sarcomas vary only slightly or even that cytomorphology is not relevant. But differences are usually obvious, and some cytologic findings, such as spindle cells, connective tissue fragments, or myxoid stroma, are typical for Ewing-like sarcomas but not for ES. Each of these entities is also characterized by different immunoprofiles. The aim of this review was to summarize cytomorphologic and immunohistochemical features of URCS and compare them with other small round-cell tumors. Key Messages: Cytology can be successfully used in URCS diagnosis as a complementary tool for core-needle biopsy or even alone in selected cases, especially in recurrent and metastatic tumors. Knowing the morphologic and immunohistochemical differences between URCS is essential to provide appropriate ancillary studies and make a definitive diagnosis.

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Section: Ewing Sarcomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytology of Undifferentiated Round-Cell Sarcomas of Bone and Soft Tissue: Ewing Sarcoma or Not Ewing Sarcoma, That Is the Question

Gajdzis

Klijanienko

2021

Acta Cytologica

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“…As reported by Kabata et al [15], a correct FNA diagnosis was not achieved in any case. More recently one report [16] describes a successful interpretation by FNA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As reported by Kabata et al [ 15 ], a correct FNA diagnosis was not achieved in any case. More recently one report [ 16 ] describes a successful interpretation by FNA. It is interesting to note that the few cases that were able to correctly diagnose the tumor were done in association with a core needle biopsy [ 15 , 16 ] or excision biopsy [ 4 ] (Table 1 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Primary Extra-Osseous Ewing Sarcoma of the Thyroid: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Seipel

Mechahougui

Mach

et al. 2021

Head and Neck Pathol

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Extra-osseous Ewing sarcoma (ES) is a rare and aggressive malignant tumor found in a variety of organs. Primary ES of the thyroid is exceedingly rare and few cases have been documented to date. We describe the case of a 54-year old woman with a history of breast carcinoma in whom a unique hypermetabolic left thyroid nodule was identified during a follow-up PET-CT scan. An ultrasound examination showed a hypoechogenic nodule of 3.7 cm. A cytological diagnosis of poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma was made, and a total thyroidectomy was performed. The surgical specimen revealed a poorly differentiated neoplasm composed of medium-sized cells with scant cytoplasm, expressing pancytokeratin, CD99 and NKX2.2 but lacking p63 and p40 expression. Molecular analysis revealed a EWSR1-FLI1 fusion transcript supporting the diagnosis of a primary extra-osseous ES of the thyroid. The patient received adjuvant chemotherapy and has no evidence of recurrent disease.

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“…Ki-67 was 30% in 1 case, whereas there was no information in the other one. Both cases were assigned as malignant by FNAC despite the broad list of differential diagnosis [78, 79]. The cases were immunoreactive for AE1/AE3, FLI-1, P40, NKX2.2, CD99, synaptophysin A, CD56 and PAX8; negative for desmin, TTF-1, CT, S100, CD45, WT1, CD34, and ERG; and the diagnosis was confirmed by break apart FISH for EWSR1 translocation.…”

Section: Primary Neuroendocrine Carcinoma Of Thyroid/neuroblastoma/pe...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Small-Cell Malignancies of Thyroid: Challenge Solved?

Canberk¹,

Thodou²,

Bongiovanni³

2022

Acta Cytologica

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“Small-cell malignancies of thyroid” is an unsolved dilemma. This term represents an umbrella terminology in thyroid, encompassing for a small group of tumors in which some of them are well-recognized tumors like medullary thyroid carcinoma, poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma, and primary thyroid lymphomas and teratoma, whereas the remaining are less known as primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of thyroid, primary extraskeletal Ewing family tumors, and adamantinoma-like Ewing sarcoma. When the issue comes to evaluate a cytological sample predominantly composed of small-cell morphology, metastatic small-cell carcinomas to thyroid also should be excluded. In this review, our group focused on the main cytomorphological and clinical clues of each entity that help to set up a correct differential diagnosis. The literature discussions were also included for the entities that are not yet recognized by the mother publication WHO. A key point of the issue’s simple algorithm based on FNAC with small-cell morphology of thyroid was suggested by the authors.

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Adamantinoma‐like Ewing sarcoma of the thyroid

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

Cytology of Undifferentiated Round-Cell Sarcomas of Bone and Soft Tissue: Ewing Sarcoma or Not Ewing Sarcoma, That Is the Question

Cytology of Undifferentiated Round-Cell Sarcomas of Bone and Soft Tissue: Ewing Sarcoma or Not Ewing Sarcoma, That Is the Question

Primary Extra-Osseous Ewing Sarcoma of the Thyroid: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Small-Cell Malignancies of Thyroid: Challenge Solved?

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