Adaptability of plants invading North American cropland

Clements, David R.; DiTommaso, Antonio; Jordan, Nicholas R.; Booth, B. D.; Cardina, John; Doohan, Douglas; Mohler, Charles L.; Murphy, Stephen D.; Swanton, Clarence J.

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2004.03.003

Cited by 105 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 123 publications

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“…In this case, gains in plant height and weight will be detrimental, and a negative selection of these traits will occur during the pasture/forage phase. Identifying life-history traits under selection in our current cropping systems using population genetics and multivariate analyses will make it possible to design crop rotations and choose specific weed control tools that will prevent the fixation of these traits in the population and compensate for situations in which populations have diverged and exhibit different behaviors (Cardina and Brecke 1989;Clements et al 2004;Jordan 1989b;Jordan and Jannink 1997). Palmer amaranth seems to be a useful model to explore evolutionary consequences of crop rotation structure and cropping system components on weediness.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, few studies focused on adaptations in traits other than herbicide resistance. The importance of evolutionary adaptations to cropping systems as a component of weediness has been proposed previously, but the emphasis has been on obligate or predominantly selfing species, which are typically more likely to differentiate populations due to genetic drift and selection (Cardina and Brecke 1989;Clements et al 2004;Jordan 1989aJordan , 1989bJordan and Jannink 1997).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Differentiation of Life-History Traits among Palmer Amaranth Populations (Amaranthus palmeri) and Its Relation to Cropping Systems and Glyphosate Sensitivity

et al. 2017

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Palmer amaranth's ability to evolve resistance to different herbicides has been studied extensively, but there is little information about how this weed species might be evolving other life-history traits that could potentially make it more aggressive and difficult to control. We characterized growth and morphological variation among 10 Palmer amaranth populations collected in Florida and Georgia from fields with different cropping histories, ranging from continuous short-statured crops (vegetables and peanut) to tall crops (corn and cotton) and from intensive herbicide use history to organic production. Palmer amaranth populations differed in multiple traits such as fresh and dry weight, days to flowering, plant height, and leaf and canopy shape. Differences between populations for these traits ranged from 36% up to 87%. Although glyphosate-resistant (GR) populations collected from cropping systems including GR crops exhibited higher values of the aforementioned variables than glyphosate-susceptible (GS) populations, variation in traits was not explained by glyphosate resistance or distance between populations. Cropping system components such as crop rotation and crop canopy structure better explained the differences among populations. The higher growth of GR populations compared with GS populations was likely the result of multiple selection forces present in the cropping systems in which they grow rather than a pleiotropic effect of the glyphosate resistance trait. Results suggest that Palmer amaranth can evolve life-history traits increasing its growth and reproduction potential in cropping systems, which explains its rapid spread throughout the United States. Furthermore, our findings highlight the need to consider the evolutionary consequences of crop rotation structure and the use of more competitive crops, which might promote the selection of more aggressive biotypes in weed species with high genetic variability. Nomenclature: glyphosate; Palmer amaranth, Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats.; corn, Zea mays L.; cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L.; peanut, Arachis hypogaea L.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiation of Life-History Traits among Palmer Amaranth Populations (Amaranthus palmeri) and Its Relation to Cropping Systems and Glyphosate Sensitivity

et al. 2017

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“…Second, invasion of agricultural settings may be contingent on the process of adaptive evolution. The relative importance of plasticity/pre-adaptation vs adaptive evolution in the origins of weeds has been debated for many years in the weed science literature, and it may be that no single mechanism can account for all traits in any particular weed species (Baker, 1965;Clements et al, 2004). Additionally, changes that have occurred in cropping practices over time make it likely that ongoing adaptive evolution is a necessary feature of most successful agricultural weeds (Clements et al, 2004).…”

Section: The Origins Of Agricultural Weedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The red queen in the corn: agricultural weeds as models of rapid adaptive evolution

2012

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Weeds are among the greatest pests of agriculture, causing billions of dollars in crop losses each year. As crop field management practices have changed over the past 12 000 years, weeds have adapted in turn to evade human removal. This evolutionary change can be startlingly rapid, making weeds an appealing system to study evolutionary processes that occur over short periods of time. An understanding of how weeds originate and adapt is needed for successful management; however, relatively little emphasis has been placed on genetically characterizing these systems. Here, we review the current literature on agricultural weed origins and their mechanisms of adaptation. Where possible, we have included examples that have been genetically well characterized. Evidence for three possible, non-mutually exclusive weed origins (from wild species, crop-wild hybrids or directly from crops) is discussed with respect to what is known about the microevolutionary signatures that result from these processes. We also discuss what is known about the genetic basis of adaptive traits in weeds and the range of genetic mechanisms that are responsible. With a better understanding of genetic mechanisms underlying adaptation in weedy species, we can address the more general process of adaptive evolution and what can be expected as we continue to apply selective pressures in agroecosystems around the world.

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“…Finally, there are undesirable, off-target effects of management that may be worse than the NIS themselves (Civeyrel and Simberloff 1996;Matarczyk et al 2002;Smith et al 2006). These include the loss of native species and re-invasion by other NIS (Ogden and Rejmánek 2005), development of herbicide resistance (Maxwell and Mortimer 1994;Clements et al 2004) and environmental degradation by herbicides (National Research Council 2000). Based on these factors, we propose that NIS management would benefit from a prioritization framework ( Fig.…”

Section: Mots Clésmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-indigenous species management using a population prioritization framework

Rew¹,

Lehnhoff²,

Maxwell³

2007

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. 2007. Non-indigenous species management using a population prioritization framework. Can. J. Plant Sci. 87: 1029-1036. Few agencies or land owners have sufficient resources to target every non-indigenous plant species (NIS) population once they have become established within a management area. Therefore, prioritization of NIS populations for management is a crucial component of the management process. Conceptually, effective management of NIS can be regarded as having four phases that revolve around the land management goals and how best to manage the NIS present in the area to achieve these goals. The key phases are determining the land management goals, inventory/survey, monitoring, evaluation and prioritization. Inventory/survey determines which species are present and their distribution within the landscape. These data can be used to develop probability of occurrence maps, which help in the nonbiased selection of populations for invasiveness and impact monitoring. Monitoring for invasiveness provides information on spatial and temporal changes within a population. Monitoring for impact assesses three types of impact: the impact of the NIS on the ecosystem, the impact of the management/control practices on the NIS, and the impact of management/control practices on the ecosystem. These data can then be used to evaluate and prioritize which species and populations to manage, and how to manage them, and these decisions should then be extended over the area of interest. The management advantages provided by a population prioritization framework were evaluated with a simulation model and supported the importance of monitoring and prioritization to reduce metapopulation growth.

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Adaptability of plants invading North American cropland

Cited by 105 publications

References 123 publications

Differentiation of Life-History Traits among Palmer Amaranth Populations (Amaranthus palmeri) and Its Relation to Cropping Systems and Glyphosate Sensitivity

Differentiation of Life-History Traits among Palmer Amaranth Populations (Amaranthus palmeri) and Its Relation to Cropping Systems and Glyphosate Sensitivity

The red queen in the corn: agricultural weeds as models of rapid adaptive evolution

Non-indigenous species management using a population prioritization framework

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