Adaptable geometric patterns for five-axis machining: a survey

Analytical curvature-continuous dual-Bézier corner transition for five-axis linear tool path

“…The continuous motion of the cutter is defined by tool tip's spline path and the spline path of the second point on the tool axis. The NC unit interprets the dual-spline representation of the path and finds a sequence of discrete time axis-positioning commands for the given feed [7]. Langeron et al [13] demonstrated the advantages of the c 2 continuous dual-spline interpolation by comparing with the linear tool path.…”

“…In a practical machining, the actual feed speed is generally lower than the programmed feed speed due to the physical restrictions of the machine tool. Though lookahead scheme has been integrated in current NC unit to change the tool path geometry and improve feed speed, the discontinuities are still the most important source of feed fluctuation [6,7]. Replacing the linear tool path with smooth curves becomes necessary to improve machining efficiency and surface quality [8][9][10][11].…”

Optimisation of five-axis machining G-codes in the angular space

“…Some other, less prominent but still important, sources of errors are: machine operating conditions such as the material removal rate (feed rate), the depth of the cut, wet or dry cutting, clamping conditions, the tool wear and other tool imperfections (Makhanov 2010).…”

Prediction and identification of rotary axes error of non-orthogonal five-axis machine tool

“…To improve its motion accuracy, it is crucial to develop accurate and efficient methodologies to calibrate its motion errors. However, the machine tool error (geometric errors, heat deformation errors and force deformation errors) increased inevitably with the increased processing shaft quantity increased [2].…”