Adaptación de la Aversion to Risk Taking Scale en Conductores Argentinos

Abstract

La percepción de riesgo constituye uno de los principales factores que afecta el comportamiento humano y las decisiones en la conducción. El objetivo de este estudio fue examinar las propiedades psicométricas de la Aversion to Risk Taking Scale en una muestra accidental de 447 conductores (54,4% hombres; edad: 18-78 años) de Córdoba, Argentina. Se aplicó la escala junto con medidas de deseabilidad social, autoeficacia para la conducción y conducción riesgosa. Análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio sustentan la estructura unidimensional de la escala, en consonancia con la versión original. La consistencia interna de la escala fue aceptable (alfa ordinal = 0,77) y se obtuvo evidencia de validez concurrente. Se correlacionaron los puntajes de la escala con una medida de deseabilidad social del conductor, obteniéndose correlaciones nulas o muy débiles. En conjunto, los resultados son satisfactorios y avalan el uso de la escala en el contexto argentino. Se discuten las implicaciones de este trabajo para la investigación psicológica aplicada al tránsito y se proponen recomendaciones tendientes a mejorar el contenido de la escala a partir de la inclusión de nuevos ítems.Palabras clave: percepción de riesgo, conductores, Aversion to Risk Taking Scale, adaptación, Argentina Risk perception is one of the most relevant factors influencing human behavior and decision-making while driving. The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Aversion to Risk Taking Scale in a convenience sample of 447 drivers (54.4% men; age range: 18-78 years) from Córdoba, Argentina. The scale was administered together with measures of driver social desirability, driving self-efficacy, and risky driving. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses support the unidimensional structure of the scale, in line with the original version. The internal consistency of the scale was acceptable (ordinal alpha = 0,77). In addition, evidence for concurrent validity was obtained. Scores were correlated with a driver social desirability scale, which yielded null or very weak correlations. Overall, results are satisfactory and support the use of the scale in Argentina. Implications of the study for research on traffic psychology are discussed and suggestions are made for improving the contents of the scale through the inclusion of new items.

Road Safety Perception Questionnaire (RSPQ) in Latin America: A Development and Validation Study

“…From the documents consulted (national road safety plans), which is also used for the construction of the Traffic Safety Culture Index [ 34 ], of the self-report instruments used in road safety in Latin America, there is no development of the construction process [ 39 ] and psychometric evidence of the instrument. Besides, some items do not discriminate between different types of drivers (professional and non-professional), an aspect that is relevant from the point of view of road safety [ 41 ].…”

“…The Mexican State Mobility Survey was used to determine the population’s perception of mobility, road safety and highway regulations [ 40 ]. Trógolo [ 41 ] developed a short self-sufficiency scale in Argentina for measuring drivers’ self-evaluation and their degree of confidence when driving in different situations. As far as we know there have been no valid integral surveys on road safety in South America that include weather and driving conditions [ 25 ] and little scientific research has been done on this subject in Ecuador [ 42 ], largely due to a lack of valid methods, and instruments.…”

Construct Validity of a Scale to Measure the Job Satisfaction of Professors at Public Universities in Central Mexico during COVID-19

“…The first condition was estimated using the Mardia coefficient (.9.20), which reached a value that could be located at the multivariate normal distribution threshold (Trógolo et al, 2019). The second condition, kurtosis and bias parameters were estimated considering values lower than unity.…”