Purpose
:
To report the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on interventional radiology (IR).
Materials and Methods
:
A 78-question survey was distributed to practicing interventional radiologists and IR trainees. The survey consisted of demographic and practice environment queries. Anxiety symptoms were evaluated using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) screener, and coping strategies were assessed using the Brief-Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (Brief-COPE) questionnaire.
Results
:
There were 422 respondents including 333 (78.9%) attending interventional radiologists and 89 (21.1%) interventional radiologists-in-training from 15 counties. Most respondents were from academic medical centers (n=218; 51.7%). A large majority (n=391; 92.7%) performed a procedure on a patient with confirmed COVID-19 infection. An N95 mask was the most common (n=366; 93.6%) safety measure employed. Cancellation or limitation of elective procedures were reported by 276 (65.4%) respondents. Many respondents (n=177; 41.9%) had self-reported anxiety (GAD-7 score >5) with an overall mean GAD-7 score of 4.64 ± 4.63 (range: 0-21). Factors associated with reporting anxiety included female gender (p=0.045), increased call coverage (p=0.048), lack of adequate departmental adjustments (P<0.0001), and lack of adjustments in a timely manner (p<0.0001). The most utilized coping strategy was acceptance (mean of 5.49 ± 1.88), while the most employed dysfunctional coping strategy was self-distraction (mean of 4.16 ± 1.67). The odds of reporting anxiety increased by >125% with adoption of dysfunctional strategies.
Conclusion
:
The COVID-19 pandemic induced practice alterations and high rates of self-reported anxiety in IR. Female gender, increased call coverage, and lack of adequate or timely departmental adjustments were associated with increased anxiety levels.